On March 3, 1805, Congress passed legislation changing the District of Louisiana into the Louisiana Territory, effective July 4, 1805.[3]
Boundaries
The Louisiana Territory included all of the land acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 33rd parallel. The eastern boundary of the purchase, the Mississippi River, functioned as the territory's eastern limit. Its northern and western boundaries, however, were indefinite, and remained so throughout its existence. The northern boundary with the British territory of Rupert's Land was established by the Treaty of 1818, and the western boundary with the Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain was defined by the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819.
Subdivisions
The Louisiana Territory had five subdivisions: St. Louis District, St. Charles District, Ste. Genevieve District, Cape Girardeau District, and New Madrid District. In 1806, the territorial legislature created the District of Arkansas from lands ceded by the Osage Nation.[citation needed]
In the 1810 United States census, six counties in the Louisiana Territory, which included five counties in present-day Missouri and one county in present-day Arkansas, reported the following population counts:[4][5]
^"Commission of James Wilkinson as Governor". Carter, Clarence Edwin, compiler and editor. Territorial Papers of the United States. Vol. XIII (The Territory of Louisiana–Missouri, 1803–1806), pp. 98–99.