List of inventors

This is a of people who are described as being inventors or are credited with an invention.

• Vitaly Abalakov (1906–1986), Russia – camming devices, Abalakov thread (or V-thread), gearless ice climbing anchor
• Ernst Karl Abbe (1840–1905), Germany – Condenser (microscope), apochromatic lens, refractometer
• Hovannes Adamian (1879–1932), USSR/Russia/Armenia – tricolor principle of the color television
• Samuel W. Alderson (1914–2005), U.S. – crash test dummy
• Alexandre Alexeieff (1901–1982), Russia/France – Pinscreen animation (with his wife Claire Parker)
• Rostislav Alexeyev (1916–1980), Russia/USSR – Ekranoplan
• Randi Altschul (born 1960), U.S. – Disposable cellphone
• Abram Alikhanov (1904–1970), Armenia/USSR – Soviet atomic bomb, nuclear reactor
• Bruce Ames (1928-2024), U.S. – Ames test (Cell biology)
• Giovanni Battista Amici (1786–1863), Italy – Dipleidoscope, Amici prism
• Ruth Amos (born 1989), UK – StairSteady
• Mary Anderson (1866–1953), U.S. – windshield wiper blade
• Momofuku Ando (1910–2007), Japan – Instant noodles
• Hal Anger (1920–2005), U.S. – Well counter (radioactivity measurements), gamma camera
• Anders Knutsson Ångström (1888–1981), Sweden – Pyranometer
• Ottomar Anschütz (1846–1907), Germany – single-curtain focal-plane shutter, electrotachyscope
• Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe (1872–1931), Germany – Gyrocompass
• Virginia Apgar (1909–1974), U.S. – Apgar score (for newborn babies)
• Nicolas Appert (1749–1841), France – canning (food preservation) using glass bottles, see also Peter Durand
• Archimedes (c. 287–212 BC), Greece – Archimedes' screw
• Guido of Arezzo (c. 991–c. 1033), Italy – Guidonian notation, see musical notation and also staff (music)
• Ami Argand (1750–1803), France – Argand lamp
• William George Armstrong (1810–1900), UK – hydraulic accumulator
• Neil Arnott (1788–1874), UK – waterbed
• Emil Artin (1889–1962), Armenia/Austria/Germany – modern abstract algebra
• Joseph Aspdin (1788–1855), UK – Portland cement
• John Vincent Atanasoff (1903–1995), Bulgaria/U.S. – electronic digital computer
• Marcel Audiffren, France – refrigeration, patent
• Alexander Anim-Mensah, Ghanaian/American – Chemical engineer, inventor

• Boris Babayan (born 1933), Armenia/USSR/Russia – Soviet computers, Superscalar processor
• Charles Babbage (1791–1871), UK – Analytical engine (semi-automatic)
• Tabitha Babbit (1779–1853), U.S. – Saw mill circular saw
• Victor Babeș (1854–1926), Romania – Babesia, the founder of serum therapy
• Leo Baekeland (1863–1944), Belgian–American – Velox photographic paper and Bakelite
• Ralph H. Baer (1922–2014), German born American – video game console
• Adolf von Baeyer (1835–1917), Germany – Fluorescein, synthetic Indigo dye, Phenolphthalein
• John Logie Baird (1888–1946), Scotland – World's first working television, 26 January 1926 and electronic colour television
• Abi Bakr of Isfahan (c. 1235), Persia/Iran – mechanical geared astrolabe with lunisolar calendar
• George Ballas (1925–2011), U.S. – String trimmer
• Oscar H. Banker (1895–1979), Armenia/U.S. – automatic transmission for automobiles
• Frederick Banting (1891–1941), Canada – technique to isolate Insulin
• Vladimir Baranov-Rossine (1888–1944), Russia/France – Optophonic Piano
• John Barber (1734–1801), UK – gas turbine
• John Bardeen (1908–1991), U.S. – co-inventor of the transistor, with Brattain and Schockley
• Vladimir Barmin (1909–1993), Russia – first rocket launch complex (spaceport)
• Anthony R. Barringer (1925–2009), Canada/U.S. – INPUT (Induced Pulse Transient) airborne electromagnetic system
• Earl W. Bascom (1906–1995), Canada/U.S. – rodeo bucking chute (1916 and 1919), rodeo bronc saddle (1922), rodeo bareback rigging (1924), rodeo riding chaps (1926)
• Nikolay Basov (1922–2001), Russia – co-inventor of laser and maser
• Patricia Bath (1942–2019), U.S. – inventor of laser cataract surgery
• Émile Baudot (1845–1903), France – Baudot code
• Eugen Baumann (1846–1896), Germany – PVC
• Trevor Baylis (1937–2018), UK – a wind-up radio
• Maria Beasley (1847–1904), U.S. – barrel-hooping machine, improved life raft
• Francis Beaufort (1774–1857), Ireland/UK – Beaufort scale, Beaufort cipher
• Hans Beck (1929–2009), Germany – inventor of Playmobil toys
• Arnold O. Beckman (1900–2004), U.S. – electric pH meter
• Vladimir Bekhterev (1857–1927), Russia – Bekhterev's Mixture
• Josip Belušić (1847–1905), Croatia – electric speedometer
• Michael Bell (born 1938), together with Melanie Chartoff (born 1950), U.S. – a gray water recycling device for reuse of shower and sink water in the home
• Alexander Graham Bell (1847–1922), UK, Canada, and U.S. – telephone
• Nikolay Benardos (1842–1905), Russian Empire – arc welding (specifically carbon arc welding, the first arc welding method)
• Ruth R. Benerito (1916–2013), U.S. – Permanent press (no-iron clothing)
• Miriam Benjamin (1861–1947), Washington, D.C. – Gong and signal chair (adopted by House of Representatives and precursor to flight attendant signal system)
• William R. Bennett Jr. (1930–2008), together with Ali Javan (1926–2016), U.S./Iran – Gas laser (Helium-Neon)
• Melitta Bentz (1873–1950), Germany – paper Coffee filter
• Karl Benz (1844–1929), Germany – the petrol-powered automobile
• Hans Berger (1873–1941), Germany – first human EEG and its development
• Friedrich Bergius (1884–1949), Germany – Bergius process (synthetic fuel from coal)
• Emile Berliner (1851–1929), Germany and U.S. – the disc record gramophone
• Tim Berners-Lee (born 1955), UK – with Robert Cailliau, the World Wide Web
• Marcellin Berthelot (1827–1907), France – Berthelot's reagent (chemistry)
• Heinrich Bertsch (1897–1981), Germany – first fully synthetic laundry detergent "Fewa" (chemistry)
• Charles Best (1899–1978), Canada – Insulin (chemistry)
• Max Bielschowsky (1869–1940), Germany – Bielschowsky stain (histology)
• Alfred Binet (1857–1911), France – with his student Théodore Simon (1872–1961), first practical Intelligence test
• Lucio Bini (1908–1964), together with Ugo Cerletti (1877–1963), Italy – Electroconvulsive therapy
• Gerd Binnig (born 1947), with Christoph Gerber, Calvin Quate and Heinrich Rohrer, Germany/Switzerland/U.S. – Atomic force microscope and Scanning tunneling microscope
• Clarence Birdseye (1886–1956), U.S. – Flash freezing
• László Bíró (1899–1985), Hungary – Ballpoint pen
• Thor Bjørklund (1889–1975), Norway – Cheese slicer
• J. Stuart Blackton (1875–1941), U.S. – Stop-motion film
• Otto Blathy (1860–1939), Hungary – co-inventor of the transformer, wattmeter, alternating current (AC) and turbogenerator
• John Blenkinsop (1783–1831), UK – Blenkinsop rack railway system
• Charles K. Bliss (1897–1985), Austro-Hungary/Australia – Blissymbols
• Katharine Burr Blodgett (1898–1979), U.S. – nonreflective glass
• Alan Blumlein (1903–1942), UK – stereo
• David Boggs (1950–2022), U.S. – Ethernet
• Nils Bohlin (1920–2002), Sweden – the three-point seat belt
• Sarah Boone (1832–1908), U.S. – improved ironing board design
• Charlie Booth (1903–2008), Australia – Starting blocks
• Bob Born (1924–2023), U.S. – automated marshmallow confection production
• Sam Born (1891–1959), Russia/U.S. – lollipop-making machine
• Jagdish Chandra Bose (1858–1937), India – Crescograph
• Matthew Piers Watt Boulton (1820–1894), UK – aileron
• Seth Boyden (1788–1870), U.S. – nail-making machine
• Herbert Boyer (born 1936), together with Paul Berg (1926–2023), and Stanley Norman Cohen (1935–), U.S. – created first Genetically modified organism
• Willard Boyle (1924–2011) together with George E. Smith (1930–2025), U.S. – Charge-coupled device (CCD)
• Hugh Bradner (1915–2008), U.S. – Wetsuit
• Louis Braille (1809–1852), France – Braille writing system, Braille musical notation
• Archie Brain (born 1942), UK – Laryngeal mask
• Jacques E. Brandenberger (1872–1954), Switzerland – Cellophane
• Édouard Branly (1844–1940), France – Coherer
• Charles F. Brannock (1903–1992), U.S. – Brannock Device (shoe size)
• Walter Houser Brattain (1902–1987), U.S. – co-inventor of the transistor
• Karl Ferdinand Braun (1850–1918), Germany – cathode-ray tube oscilloscope
• Wernher von Braun (1912–1977), Germany/U.S. – V-2 rocket, Saturn V rocket
• Stanislav Brebera (1925–2012), Czech Republic – Semtex explosive
• David Brewster (1781–1868), UK – Kaleidoscope
• Charles B. Brooks (1865–1908), U.S. – first self-propelled street sweeping truck
• Rachel Fuller Brown (1898–1980), U.S. – Nystatin, the world's first antifungal antibiotic
• William C. Brown (1916–1999), U.S. – crossed-field amplifier
• Marie Van Brittan Brown (1922–1999), U.S. – home security system
• Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn (1853–1927), Germany – Taximeter
• Nikolay Brusentsov (1925–2014), USSR, Russia – ternary computer (Setun)
• Dudley Allen Buck (1927–1959), U.S. – Cryotron, content-addressable memory
• Edwin Beard Budding (1795–1846), UK – lawnmower
• Gersh Budker (1918–1977), Russia – electron cooling, co-inventor of collider
• Edward Bull (1759–1798), England – Bull engine (a modified steam engine)
• Robert Bunsen (1811–1899), Germany – Bunsen burner
• Henry Burden (1791–1871), Scotland and U.S. – Horseshoe machine, first usable iron railroad spike

• Tim Cook-the CEO of Apple
• Ve Elizabeth Cadie (1893–1956), U.S. – heat insulating handle for small home appliances
• Herminie Cadolle (1845–1926), France – modern brassiere
• Robert Cailliau (born 1947), Belgium – with Tim Berners-Lee, the World Wide Web
• Edward A. Calahan (1838–1912), U.S. – Stock ticker tape
• Nicholas Callan (1799–1864), Ireland – Induction coil
• Spéranza Calo-Séailles (1885–1949), Greece – "Lap" decorative concrete
• Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton (1863–1930), Scotland – Television
• Tullio Campagnolo (1901–1983), Italy – Quick release skewer
• Charles Cantor (born 1942), U.S. – Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (molecular biology)
• Mario Ramberg Capecchi (born 1937), together with Sir Martin John Evans (born 1941), and Oliver Smithies (1925–2017), U.S. – Gene targeting
• Roxey Ann Caplin (1793–1888), UK – Victorian-style corset
• Arturo Caprotti (1881–1938), Italy – Caprotti valve gear
• Gerolamo Cardano (1501–1576), Italy – Cardan grille (cryptography)
• Philip Cardew (1851–1910), UK – Hot-wire galvanometer
• Chester Carlson (1906–1968), U.S. – Xerographic copier
• Wallace Carothers (1896–1937), U.S. – Nylon and Neoprene (together with Arnold Collins)
• Antonio Benedetto Carpano (1764–1815), Italy – Vermouth
• Mary P. Carpenter (1840–1900), U.S. – mosquito nets, mosquito traps
• Giovanni Caselli (1815–1891), Italy/France – Pantelegraph
• George Cayley (1773–1857), UK – tension-spoke wheels
• Anders Celsius (1701–1744), Sweden – Celsius temperature scale
• Vint Cerf (born 1943), together with Bob Kahn (1938–), U.S. – Internet Protocol (IP)
• Claude Shannon (1916–2016), founder of information theory and modern cryptography, invented Minivac 601, and co-invented the first wearable computer (with Edward O. Thorp)
• Ugo Cerletti (1877–1963), together with Lucio Bini (1908–1964), Italy – Electroconvulsive therapy
• Leona Chalmers (c. 1937), U.S. – modern menstrual cup
• Charles Chamberland (1851–1908), France – Chamberland filter
• Min Chueh Chang (1908–1991), together with Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903–1967), U.S./China – Combined oral contraceptive pill
• Thomas Chang (born 1933), Canada/China – Artificial cell
• Chang Yŏngsil (c. 1390–after 1442), South Korea (Joseon dynasty) – Jagyeokru (Water clock) and Ch'ŭgugi (rain gauge)
• Emmett Chapman (1936–2021), U.S. – Chapman Stick
• Claude Chappe (1763–1805), France – Semaphore line
• Melanie Chartoff (born 1950), together with Michael Bell (born 1938), U.S. – a gray water recycling device for reuse of shower and sink water in the home
• David Chaum (born 1955), U.S. – Digital signatures, ecash
• Vladimir Chelomey (1914–1984), USSR – First space station (Salyut)
• Joyce Chen (1917–1994), China – stir fry pan
• Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990), USSR – Cherenkov detector
• Evgeniy Chertovsky (1902–1961), Russia – pressure suit
• Alicia Chong Rodriguez – American engineer and inventor
• Chŏng Yagyong (1762–1836), South Korea (Joseon dynasty) – Geojunggi (crane)
• Ward Christensen (1945-2024), U.S. – Bulletin board system
• Ole Kirk Christiansen (1891–1958), Denmark – Creator of Lego
• Samuel Hunter Christie (1784–1865), UK – Wheatstone bridge
• Juan de la Cierva (1895–1936), Spain – the autogyro
• Charles Clagget (1740–1795), UK – Improvements for musical instruments
• Leland Clark (1918–2005), U.S. – Clark electrode (medicine)
• Georges Claude (1870–1960), France – neon lamp
• Adelaide Claxton (fl 1860s–1890s), UK – ear caps
• Madame Clicquot Ponsardin (1777–1866), France – Champagne riddling
• Henri Marie Coandă (1886–1972), Romania – Coandă effect
• Josephine Cochrane (1839–1913), U.S. – dishwasher
• Christopher Cockerell (1910–1999), UK – Hovercraft
• Aeneas Coffey (1780–1852), Ireland – Coffey still
• Sir Henry Cole (1808–1882), UK – Christmas card
• Samuel Colt (1814–1862), U.S. – Revolver development
• Sir William Congreve (1772–1828), UK – Congreve rocket
• George Constantinescu (1881–1965), Romania – creator of the theory of sonics, a new branch of continuum mechanics
• Albert Coons (1912–1978), U.S. – Immunofluorescence (microscopy)
• Martin Cooper (born 1928), U.S. – Mobile phone
• Harry Coover (1917–2011), U.S. – Super Glue
• Lloyd Groff Copeman (1865–1956), U.S. – Electric stove
• Cornelis Corneliszoon (1550–1607), The Netherlands – wind powered sawmill
• Alexander Coucoulas (born 1933), U.S. – Thermosonic bonding
• Wallace H. Coulter (1913–1998), U.S. – Coulter principle
• Jacques Cousteau (1910–1997), France – co-inventor of the aqualung and the Nikonos underwater camera
• John "Jack" Higson Cover Jr. (1920–2009), U.S. – Taser
• Minnie Crabb (1885–1974), Australia – Crabb-Hulme Braille Printing Press
• William Crookes (1832–1919), UK – Crookes radiometer, Crookes tube
• Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655–1731), Italy – piano
• Caresse Crosby (1891–1970), U.S. – Modern bra
• S. Scott Crump (inv. c. 1989), U.S. – fused deposition modeling
• Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (1725–1804), France – first steam-powered road vehicle
• William Cullen (1710–1790), UK – first artificial refrigerator
• Rose Cumming (1887–1968), U.S. – metallic wallpaper
• Emily Cummins (born 1987), UK – sustainable refrigerator, water carrier, toothpaste dispenser
• Marie Curie (1867–1934), Poland – portable X-ray units ("Little Curies"),^[1] radium-emanation needles^[2]
• Jamie Lee Curtis (born 1958), U.S. – diapers
• Jan Czochralski (1885–1953), Poland / Germany – Czochralski process (crystal growth)

• Nils Gustaf Dalén (1869–1937), Sweden – AGA cooker, Dalén light, Agamassan, Sun valve for lighthouses and buoys
• John Frederic Daniell (1790–1845), UK – Daniell cell
• Corradino D'Ascanio (1891–1981), Italy – Vespa scooter
• Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), Italy – helicopter, tanks, and parachutes for safety
• Raymond Damadian (1936–2022), Armenia/U.S. – Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Robert Davidson (1804–1894), Scotland – electric locomotive
• Jacob Davis (1868–1908), U.S. – Riveted jeans
• Humphry Davy (1778–1829), UK – Davy miners lamp
• Joseph Day (1855–1946), UK – the crankcase-compression two-stroke engine
• Lee de Forest (1873–1961), U.S. – Phonofilm, triode
• Fe del Mundo (1911–2011), Philippines – non-electric incubator
• Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk (1927–2006), Russia – 3D holography
• Robert H. Dennard (1932–2024), U.S. – Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM)
• Miksa Déri (1854–1938), Hungary – co-inventor of an improved closed-core transformer
• Robert DeStefano (born 1962), U.S. – exercise equipment
• James Dewar (1842–1923), UK – Thermos flask
• Aleksandr Dianin (1851–1918), Russia – Bisphenol A, Dianin's compound
• William Kennedy Laurie Dickson (1860–1935), UK – motion picture camera
• Philip Diehl (1847–1913), U.S. – Ceiling fan
• Rudolf Diesel (1858–1913), Germany – Diesel engine
• William H. Dobelle (1943–2004), U.S. – Dobelle Eye
• Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner (1780–1849), Germany – Döbereiner's lamp (chemistry)
• Toshitada Doi (born 1943), Japan, together with Joop Sinjou, Netherlands – Compact disc
• Ray Dolby (1933–2013), U.S. – Dolby noise-reduction system
• Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (1862–1919), Poland/Russia – three-phase electric power
• Marion O'Brien Donovan (1917–1998), U.S. – Waterproof diaper
• Hub van Doorne (1900–1979), Netherlands – Variomatic continuously variable transmission
• John Thompson Dorrance (1873–1930), U.S. – Condensed soup
• Amanda Minnie Douglas (1831–1916) – writer and inventor (portable folding mosquito net frame)
• Charles Dow (1851–1902), U.S. – Dow Jones Industrial Average
• Mulalo Doyoyo (1970–2024), South Africa/U.S. – Cenocell – cementless concrete
• Anastase Dragomir (1896–1966), Romania – Ejection seat
• Karl Drais (1785–1851), Germany – dandy horse, Draisine
• Richard Drew (1899–1980), U.S. – Masking tape
• John Boyd Dunlop (1840–1921), UK – first practical pneumatic tyre
• Cyril Duquet (1841–1922), Canada – Telephone handset
• Alexey Dushkin (1904–1977), Russia – deep column station
• James Dyson (born 1947), UK – Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, incorporating the principles of cyclonic separation.

• George Eastman (1854–1932), U.S. – roll film
• J. Presper Eckert (1919–1995), U.S. – ENIAC – the first general purpose programmable digital computer
• Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1931), U.S. – phonograph, commercially practical incandescent light bulb, etc.
• Pehr Victor Edman (1916–1977), Sweden – Edman degradation for Protein sequencing
• Sir Robert Geoffrey Edwards (1925–2013), UK – In vitro fertilisation
• Ellen Eglin (1849–c. 1890), U.S. – Clothes wringer
• Brendan Eich (born 1961), U.S. – JavaScript (programming language)
• Willem Einthoven (1860–1927), The Netherlands – the electrocardiogram
• Benjamin Eisenstadt (1906–1996), U.S. – Sugar packet
• Paul Eisler (1907–1992), Austria/U.S. – Printed circuit board (electronics)
• Giorgi Eliava (1892–1937), together with Félix d'Herelle (1873–1949), France / Georgia – Phage therapy
• Ivan Elmanov, Russia – first monorail (horse-drawn)
• Rune Elmqvist (1906–1996), Sweden – implantable pacemaker
• John Haven Emerson (1906–1997), U.S. – iron lung
• Douglas Engelbart (1925–2013), U.S. – the computer mouse
• Michael D. Ercolino (1906–1982), U.S. – TV antenna's
• John Ericsson (1803–1889), Sweden – the two screw-propeller
• Emil Erlenmeyer (1825–1909), Germany – Erlenmeyer flask
• Sir Martin John Evans (born 1941), together with Mario Ramberg Capecchi (born 1937), and Oliver Smithies (1925–2017), U.S. – Knockout mouse, Gene targeting
• Ole Evinrude (1877–1934), Norway – outboard motor

• Charles Fabry (1867–1945), together with Alfred Perot (1863–1925), France – Fabry–Pérot interferometer (physics)
• Samuel Face (1923–2001), U.S. – concrete flatness/levelness technology; Lightning Switch
• Federico Faggin (born 1941), Italy – microprocessor
• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), The Netherlands – Fahrenheit temperature scale, Mercury-in-glass thermometer
• Michael Faraday (1791–1867), UK – electric transformer, electric motor
• Johann Maria Farina (1685–1766), Germany – Eau de Cologne
• Myra Juliet Farrell (1878–1957), Australia – stitchless button, Press stud
• Philo Farnsworth (1906–1971), U.S. – electronic television
• Marga Faulstich (1915–1998), Germany – optical glass, lightweight lens SF 64^[3]
• Muhammad al-Fazari (died 796/806), Persia – astrolabe
• John Bennett Fenn (1917–2010), U.S. – Electrospray ionization
• Henry John Horstman Fenton (1854–1929), UK – Fenton's reagent (chemistry)
• James Fergason (1934–2008), U.S. – improved liquid crystal display
• Enrico Fermi (1901–1954), Italy – nuclear reactor
• Humberto Fernández-Morán (1924–1999), Venezuela – Diamond scalpel, Ultra microtome
• Michele Ferrero (1925–2015), Italy – Kinder Surprise = Kinder Eggs, Nutella
• Bran Ferren (born 1953), U.S. – Pinch-to-zoom (multi-touch), together with Daniel Hillis
• Reginald Fessenden (1866–1932), Canada – two-way radio
• Robert Feulgen (1884–1955), Germany – Feulgen stain (histology)
• Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick (1829–1901), Germany – contact lens
• Ethel Finck (1932–2003), U.S. – cardiac catheter
• Abbas Ibn Firnas (810–887), Al-Andalus – fused quartz and silica glass, metronome
• Artur Fischer (1919–2016) Germany – fasteners including fischertechnik.
• Franz Joseph Emil Fischer (1877–1947), together with Hans Schrader (1921–2012), Germany – Fischer assay (oil yield test)
• Franz Joseph Emil Fischer (1877–1947), together with Hans Tropsch (1889–1935), Germany – Fischer–Tropsch process (refinery process)
• Gerhard Fischer (1899–1988), Germany/U.S. – hand-held metal detector
• Paul C. Fisher (1913–2006), U.S. – Space Pen
• Edith M. Flanigen (born 1929), U.S. – zeolite Y, molecular sieve
• Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), Scotland – Penicillin
• John Ambrose Fleming (1848–1945), UK – Vacuum diode
• Sandford Fleming (1827–1915), Canada – Universal Standard Time
• Nicolas Florine (1891–1972), Georgia/Russia/Belgium – first tandem rotor helicopter to fly freely
• Tommy Flowers (1905–1998), UK – Colossus an early electronic computer.
• Irmgard Flügge-Lotz (1903–1974), U.S. – aircraft guidance systems
• Thomas J. Fogarty (born 1934), U.S. – Embolectomy catheter (medicine)
• Larry Fondren, U.S. – entrepreneur, inventor and credit markets expert
• Eunice Newton Foote (1819–1888), U.S. – greenhouse effect, boot soles
• Enrico Forlanini (1848–1930), Italy – Steam helicopter, hydrofoil, Forlanini airships
• Eric Fossum (born 1957), U.S. – intra-pixel charge transfer in CMOS image sensors
• Josephine G. Fountain (fl 1960), U.S. – direct suction tracheotomy tube
• Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (1819–1868), France – Foucault pendulum, gyroscope, eddy current
• Benoît Fourneyron (1802–1867), France – water turbine
• John Fowler (1826–1864), UK – steam-driven ploughing engine
• Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), U.S. – the pointed lightning rod conductor, bifocal glasses, the Franklin stove, the glass harmonica
• Herman Frasch (1851–1914), Germany / U.S. – Frasch process (petrochemistry), Paraffin wax purification
• Ian Hector Frazer (born 1953), together with Jian Zhou (1957–1999), U.S./China – HPV vaccine against cervical cancer
• Helen Murray Free (1923–2021), U.S. – diabetes tests
• Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1788–1827), France – Fresnel lens
• Amelia Freund (1824–1887), Germany – cooking stove contained a "frizzler" which fried without hardening.^[4]
• Ida Freund (1863–1914), UK – gas measuring tube, periodic table cupcakes
• William Friese-Greene (1855–1921), UK – cinematography
• Julius Fromm (1883–1945), Germany – first seamless Condom
• Arthur Fry (born 1931), U.S. – Post-it note
• Buckminster Fuller (1895–1983), U.S. – geodesic dome
• C. W. Fuller (inv. 1953), U.S. – Gilhoolie
• Robert Fulton (1765–1815), United States – first commercially successful steamboat, first practical submarine
• Ivan Fyodorov (c. 1510–1583), Russia/Poland–Lithuania – invented multibarreled mortar, introduced printing in Russia
• Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000), Russia – radial keratotomy
• Vladimir Fyodorov (1874–1966), Russia – Fedorov Avtomat (first self-loading battle rifle, arguably the first assault rifle)

• Dennis Gabor (1900–1979), Hungarian-British – holography
• Boris Borisovich Galitzine (1862–1916), Russia – electromagnetic seismograph
• Joseph G. Gall (1928–2024), U.S. – In situ hybridization (cell biology)
• Alfred William Gallagher (1911–1990), New Zealand – Electric fence for farmers
• Dmitri Garbuzov (1940–2006), Russia/U.S. – continuous-wave-operating diode lasers (together with Zhores Alferov), high-power diode lasers
• Elmer R. Gates (1859–1923), U.S. – foam fire extinguisher, electric loom mechanisms, magnetic & diamagnetic separators, educational toy ("box & blocks")*
• Richard J. Gatling (1818–1903), U.S. – wheat drill, first successful machine gun
• Georgy Gause (1910–1986), Russia – gramicidin S, neomycin, lincomycin and other antibiotics
• E. K. Gauzen, Russia – three bolt equipment (early diving costume)
• Norman Gaylord (1923–2007), U.S. – rigid gas-permeable contact lens
• Karl-Hermann Geib (1908–1949), Germany / USSR – Girdler sulfide process
• King Camp Gillette (1855–1932), U.S. – Double-edge safety razor and blade
• Hans Wilhelm Geiger (1882–1945), Germany – Geiger counter
• Andrey Geim (born 1958), Russia/United Kingdom – graphene
• Nestor Genko (1839–1904), Russia – Genko's Forest Belt (the first large-scale windbreak system)
• Christoph Gerber (born 1942), with Calvin Quate (1923–2019), and with Gerd Binnig (1947–), Germany/U.S./Switzerland – Atomic force microscope
• Friedrich Clemens Gerke (1801–1888), Germany – current international Morse code
• David Gestetner (1854–1939), Austria-Hungary / UK – Gestetner copier
• Alberto Gianni (1891–1930), Italy – Torretta butoscopica
• John Heysham Gibbon (1903–1973), U.S. – Heart-lung machine
• Gustav Giemsa (1867–1948), Germany – Giemsa stain (histology)
• Adolph Giesl-Gieslingen (1903–1992), Austria – Giesl ejector
• Henri Giffard (1825–1882), France – powered airship, injector
• David J. Gingery (1932–2004), USA
• Donald A. Glaser (1926–2013), U.S. – Bubble chamber
• Joseph Glass (1791–1867), England – chimney-sweeping apparatus
• Valentyn Glushko (1908–1989), USSR/Ukraine/Russia – hypergolic propellant, electric propulsion, Soviet rocket engines (including world's most powerful liquid-fuel rocket engine RD-170)
• Heinrich Göbel (1818–1893), Germany – incandescent lamp
• Leonid Gobyato (1875–1915), Russia – man-portable mortar
• Robert Goddard (1882–1945), U.S. – liquid fuel rocket
• Sam Golden (1915–1997), together with Leonard Bocour (1910–1993), U.S. – Acrylic paint
• Peter Carl Goldmark (1906–1977), Hungary – vinyl record (LP), CBS color television
• Camillo Golgi (1843–1926), Italy – Golgi's method (histology)
• György Gömöri (1904–1957), Hungary / U.S. – Gömöri trichrome stain, Gömöri methenamine silver stain (histology)
• Lewis Gompertz (c. 1783–1861), UK – expanding chuck, improved velocipede
• Sarah E. Goode (1855–1905), US – cabinet bed. First African-American woman to receive a United States patent.
• Charles Goodyear (1800–1860), U.S. – vulcanization of rubber
• Praveen Kumar Gorakavi (born 1989), India – low-cost Braille Typewriter
• Robert W. Gore (1937–2020), U.S. – Gore-Tex
• Igor Gorynin (1926–2015), Russia – weldable titanium alloys, high strength aluminium alloys, radiation-hardened steels
• James Gosling (born 1955), U.S. – Java (programming language)
• Gordon Gould (1920–2005), U.S. – Laser, see also Theodore Maiman
• Richard Hall Gower (1768–1833), UK – ship's hull and rigging
• Boris Grabovsky (1901–1966), Russia – cathode commutator, an early electronic TV pickup tube
• Bette Nesmith Graham (1924–1980), U.S. – Correction fluid, Liquid Paper
• Iréne Grahn (1945–2013), Sweden – finger joint support for patients with rheumatoid arthritis
• Hans Christian Gram (1853–1938), Denmark / Germany – Gram staining (histology)
• Zénobe Gramme (1826–1901), Belgium/France – Gramme dynamo
• Temple Grandin (born 1947), squeeze machine and humane abattoirs
• Michael Grätzel (born 1944), Germany/Switzerland – Dye-sensitized solar cell
• James Henry Greathead (1844–1896), South Africa – tunnel boring machine, tunnelling shield technique
• Chester Greenwood (1858–1937), U.S. – thermal earmuffs
• Lori Greiner (born 1969), U.S. – Silver Safekeeper anti-tarnish lining (jewelry organizers) and multiple consumer products, 120 US and foreign patents
• James Gregory (1638–1675), Scotland – Gregorian telescope
• William Griggs (1832–1911), England – a process of photolithography
• Helmut Gröttrup (1916–1981), Germany – smart card, systems for banknote processing
• William Robert Grove (1811–1896), Wales – fuel cell
• Gustav Guanella (1909–1982), Switzerland – DSSS, Guanella-Balun
• Otto von Guericke (1602–1686), Germany – vacuum pump, manometer, dasymeter
• Sarah Guppy (1770–1852), United Kingdom – bridge/railroad building, tea and coffee urn, barnacle prevention for boats, long lasting candlestick
• Mikhail Gurevich (1893–1976), Russia – MiG-series fighter aircraft, including world's most produced jet aircraft MiG-15 and most produced supersonic aircraft MiG-21 (together with Artem Mikoyan)
• Goldsworthy Gurney (1793–1875), England – Gurney Stove
• Bartolomeu de Gusmão (1685–1724), Brazil – early air balloons
• Johann Gutenberg (c. 1398–1468), Germany – movable type printing press
• Samuel Guthrie (physician) (1782–1848), U.S. – discovered chloroform

• Fritz Haber (1868–1934), Germany – Haber process (ammonia synthesis)
• John Hadley (1682–1744), UK – octant
• Waldemar Haffkine (1860–1930), Russia/Switzerland – first anti-cholera and anti-plague vaccines
• Gunther von Hagens (born 1945), Germany – whole body Plastination
• Charles Hall (1863–1914), U.S. – aluminum production
• Robert N. Hall (1919–2016), U.S. – Semiconductor laser
• Samuel Hall (1782–1863), UK – condenser to enable recycling of water in a ship's steam engine
• Tracy Hall (1919–2008), U.S. – synthetic diamond
• Nicholas Halse (died 1636), England – malt kiln
• Richard Hamming (1915–1998), U.S. – Hamming code
• John Hays Hammond Jr. (1888–1965), U.S. – radio control
• Ruth Handler (1916–2002), U.S. – Barbie doll
• James Hargreaves (1720–1778), UK – spinning jenny
• John Harington (1561–1612), UK – the flush toilet
• William Snow Harris (1791–1867), UK – much improved naval Lightning rods
• John Harrison (1693–1776), UK – marine chronometer
• Ross Granville Harrison (1870–1959), U.S. – first successful animal Tissue culture, Cell culture
• Kazuo Hashimoto (died 1995), Japan – Caller-ID, answering machine
• Victor Hasselblad (1906–1978), Sweden – the 6 x 6 cm single-lens reflex camera
• Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) (965–1039), Iraq – camera obscura, pinhole camera, magnifying glass
• George H. Heilmeier (1936–2014), U.S. – liquid crystal display (LCD)
• Henry Heimlich (1920–2016), U.S. – Heimlich maneuver
• Robert A. Heinlein (1907–1988), U.S. – waterbed
• Jozef Karol Hell (1713–1789), Slovakia – the water pillar
• Rudolf Hell (1901–2002), Germany – the Hellschreiber
• Hermann von Helmholtz (1821–1894), Germany – Helmholtz pitch notation, Helmholtz resonator, ophthalmoscope
• Zhang Heng (78–139), China – Seismometer, first hydraulic-powered armillary sphere
• Beulah Louise Henry (1887–1973), U.S. – bobbin-free sewing machine, vacuum ice cream freezer
• Charles H. Henry (1937–2016), U.S. – Quantum well laser
• Joseph Henry (1797–1878), Scotland/U.S. – electromagnetic relay
• Félix d'Herelle (1873–1949), together with Giorgi Eliava (1892–1937), France, Georgia – Phage therapy
• Heron (c. 10–70), Roman Egypt – usually credited with invention of the aeolipile, although it may have been described a century earlier
• John Herschel (1792–1871), UK – photographic fixer (hypo), actinometer
• Harry Houdini (1874–1926) U.S. – flight time illusion
• Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894), Germany – radio telegraphy, electromagnetic radiation
• Ephraim Hertzano (1912–1987), Roumania / Israel – Rummikub
• Lasse Hessel (1940–2019), Denmark – female condom
• George de Hevesy (1885–1966), Hungary – radioactive tracer
• Ronald Price Hickman (1932–2011), U.S. – designed the original Lotus Elan, the Lotus Elan +2 and the Lotus Europa, as well as the Black & Decker Workmate
• Rowland Hill (1795–1879), UK – postage stamp
• Maurice Hilleman (1919–2005) – vaccines against childhood diseases
• Tanaka Hisashige (1799–1881), Japan – Myriad year clock
• Ted Hoff (born 1937), U.S. – microprocessor
• Felix Hoffmann (Bayer) (1868–1949), Germany – aspirin
• Albert Hofmann (1906–2008), Switzerland – LSD
• Kotaro Honda (1870–1954), Japan – KS steel
• Huang Hongjia (1924–2021), China – single-mode optical fiber
• Herman Hollerith (1860–1929), U.S. – recording data on a machine-readable medium, tabulator, punched cards
• Nick Holonyak (1928–2022), U.S. – LED (Light Emitting Diode)
• Norman Holter (1914–1983), U.S. – Holter monitor
• Robert Hooke (1635–1703), UK – balance wheel, iris diaphragm, acoustic telephone
• Erna Schneider Hoover (born 1926), U.S. – computerized telephone switching system
• Harold Hopkins (1918–1994), UK – zoom lens, rod lens endoscope
• Grace Murray Hopper (1906–1992), U.S. – compiler
• Frank Hornby (1863–1936), UK – invented Meccano
• Jimmy Hotz (1953–2023), U.S. – Hotz MIDI Translator, Atari Hotz Box
• Royal Earl House (1814–1895), U.S. – first Printing telegraph
• Coenraad Johannes van Houten (1801–1887), Netherlands – cocoa powder, cacao butter, chocolate milk
• Elias Howe (1819–1867), U.S. – sewing machine
• David Edward Hughes (1831–1900), UK – printing telegraph
• Kate Duval Hughes (born 1837) – window sash security devices
• Chuck Hull (born 1939), U.S. – 3D printer
• Troy Hurtubise (1963–2018), Canada – Trojan Ballistics Suit of Armor, Ursus suit, Firepaste, Angel Light
• Miller Reese Hutchison (1876–1944), U.S. – Klaxon, electric hearing aid
• Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695), Netherlands – pendulum clock
• John Wesley Hyatt (1837–1920), U.S. – celluloid manufacturing

• Gavriil Ilizarov (1921–1992), Russia – Ilizarov apparatus, external fixation, distraction osteogenesis
• Mamoru Imura (born 1948), Japan – RFIQin (automatic cooking device)
• Daisuke Inoue (born 1940), Japan – Karaoke machine
• János Irinyi (1817–1895), Hungary – noiseless match
• Ub Iwerks (1901–1971), U. S. – multiplane camera for animation

• Moritz von Jacobi (1801–1874), Germany/Russia – electrotyping, electric boat
• Rudolf Jaenisch (born 1942), Germany/U.S. – first Genetically modified mouse
• Alcinous Burton Jamison (1851–1938), American physician, inventor of medical devices
• Karl Guthe Jansky (1905–1950), U.S. – radio telescope
• Karl Jatho (1873–1933), Germany – aeroplane
• Ali Javan (1926–2016), together with William R. Bennett Jr. (1930–2008), Iran/U.S. – Gas laser (Helium-Neon)
• Al-Jazari (1136–1206), Iraq – elephant clock, humanoid robots
• Ibn Al-Jazzar (Algizar) (895–979), Tunisia – sexual dysfunction and erectile dysfunction treatment drugs
• Ányos Jedlik (1800–1898), Hungary – Jedlik dynamo
• Alec John Jeffreys (born 1950), UK – DNA profiling (forensics)
• Charles Francis Jenkins (1867–1934), U.S. – television and movie projector (Phantoscope)
• Thomas L. Jennings (1791–1859), U.S. – novel method of dry cleaning
• Steve Jobs (1955–2011), U.S. – Apple Macintosh computer, iPod, iPhone, iPad and other devices, software operating systems and applications.
• Amos Edward Joel Jr. (1918–2008) U.S. – electrical engineer, known for several contributions and over seventy patents related to telecommunications switching systems
• Carl Edvard Johansson (1864–1943), Sweden – Gauge blocks
• Johan Petter Johansson (1853–1943), Sweden – Pipe wrench and adjustable spanner
• Reynold B. Johnson (1906–1998), U.S. – Hard disk drive
• Philipp von Jolly (1809–1884), Germany – Jolly balance
• Scott A. Jones (born 1960), U.S. – created one of the most successful versions of voicemail as well as ChaCha Search, a human-assisted internet search engine
• Tom Parry Jones (1935–2013), UK – first electronic Breathalyzer
• Assen Jordanoff (1896–1967), Bulgaria – airbag
• Anatol Josepho (1894–1980), patented the first coin-operated photo booth called the "Photomaton" in 1925
• Marjorie Joyner (1896–1994), U.S. – Permanent wave machine
• Whitcomb Judson (1836–1909), U.S. – zipper
• Percy Lavon Julian (1899–1975), U.S. – chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants
• Ma Jun (fl. 220–265), China – south-pointing chariot (see differential gear), mechanical puppet theater, chain pumps, improved silk looms

• Mikhail Kalashnikov (1919–2013), Russia – AK-47 and AK-74 assault rifles (the most produced ever)
• Bob Kahn (born 1938), together with Vint Cerf (born 1943), U.S. – Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
• Dawon Kahng (1931–1992), South Korea, together with Simon Sze (1936–2023), Taiwan/U.S. – Floating-gate MOSFET
• Dean Kamen (born 1951), U.S. – Invented the Segway HT scooter and the IBOT Mobility Device
• Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (1853–1926), Netherlands – liquid helium
• Nikolay Kamov (1902–1973), Russia – armored battle autogyro, Ka-series coaxial rotor helicopters
• Pyotr Kapitsa (1894–1984), Russia – first ultrastrong magnetic field creating techniques, basic low-temperature physics inventions
• Georgii Karpechenko (1899–1941), Russia – rabbage (the first ever non-sterile hybrid obtained through the crossbreeding)
• Mihran Kassabian (1870–1910), Armenia/U.S. – Medical use of X-Rays
• Jamshīd al-Kāshī (c. 1380–1429), Persia/Iran – plate of conjunctions, analog planetary computer
• Andrew Kay (1919–2014), U.S. – Digital voltmeter
• Adolphe Kégresse (1879–1943), France/Russia – Kégresse track (first half-track and first off-road vehicle with continuous track), dual-clutch transmission
• Carl D. Keith (1920–2008), together with John J. Mooney (1930–2020), U.S. – three way catalytic converter
• Mstislav Keldysh (1911–1978), Latvia/Russia – co-developer of Sputnik 1 (the first artificial satellite) together with Korolyov and Tikhonravov
• John Harvey Kellogg (1852–1943), cornflake breakfasts
• John G. Kemeny (1926–1992), together with Thomas E. Kurtz (1928–2024), Hungary/U.S. – BASIC (programming language)
• Alexander Kemurdzhian (1921–2003), Armenia/Russia/USSR – first space exploration rover (Lunokhod)
• Mary Kenner (1912–2006), U.S. – sanitary belt
• William Saville-Kent (1845–1908), UK/Australia – Pearl culture, see also Mikimoto Kōkichi
• Kerim Kerimov (1917–2003), Azerbaijan and Russia – co-developer of human spaceflight, space dock, space station
• Jacques de Kervor (1928–2010), France – industrial designer
• Charles F. Kettering (1876–1958), U.S. – invented automobile self-starter ignition, Freon ethyl gasoline and more
• Fazlur Khan (1929–1982), Bangladesh – structural systems for high-rise skyscrapers
• Yulii Khariton (1904–1996), Russia – chief designer of the Soviet atomic bomb, co-developer of the Tsar Bomba
• Anatoly Kharlampiyev (1906–1979), Russia – Sambo (martial art)
• Al-Khazini (fl.1115–1130), Persia/Iran – hydrostatic balance
• Konstantin Khrenov (1894–1984), Russia – underwater welding
• Abu-Mahmud Khojandi (c. 940–1000), Persia/Iran – astronomical sextant
• Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (Algoritmi) (c. 780–850), Persia/Iran – algebra, mural instrument, horary quadrant, Sine quadrant, shadow square
• Johann Kiefuss – inventor in Nuremberg in 1517
• Marcel Kiepach (1894–1915), Croatia – dynamo, maritime compass that indicates north regardless of the presence of iron or magnetic forces
• Mary Dixon Kies (1752–1837), U.S. – new technique of weaving straw with silk and thread to make hats
• Erhard Kietz (1909–1982), Germany & U.S. – signal improvements for video transmissions^[5]
• Jack Kilby (1923–2005), U.S. – patented the first integrated circuit
• Al-Kindi (Alkindus) (801–873), Iraq/Yemen – unambiguously described the distillation of wine in the 9th century, cryptanalysis, frequency analysis
• Petrus Jacobus Kipp (1808–1864), The Netherlands – Kipp's apparatus (chemistry)
• Semyon Kirlian (1898–1978), Armenia/USSR – Kirlian photography
• Steve Kirsch (born 1956), U.S. – Optical mouse
• Fritz Klatte (1880–1934), Germany – vinyl chloride, forerunner to polyvinyl chloride
• Yves Klein (1928–1962), France – International Klein Blue
• Margaret E. Knight (1838–1914), U.S. – machine that completely constructs box-bottom brown paper bags
• Tom Knight (?), U.S. – BioBricks (synthetic biology)
• Ivan Knunyants (1906–1990), Armenia/Russia/USSR – Soviet chemical weapons, capron, Nylon 6, polyamide-6
• Robert Koch (1843–1910), Germany – method for culturing bacteria on solid media
• Willem Johan Kolff (1911–2009), Netherlands – artificial kidney hemodialysis machine
• Rudolf Kompfner (1909–1977), U.S. – Traveling-wave tube
• Konstantin Konstantinov (1817/1819–1871), Russia – device for measuring flight speed of projectiles, ballistic rocket pendulum, launch pad, rocket-making machine
• Sergei Korolev (1907–1966), USSR – first successful intercontinental ballistic missile (