Chemical compound
Pharmaceutical compound
Frovatriptan Trade names Frova Other names SB-209509; SB209509; EN-3266; EN3266; VML-251; VML251 AHFS /Drugs.com Monograph MedlinePlus a604013 License data
Pregnancy Routes of Oral Drug class Serotonin 5-HT1B , 5-HT1D , 5-HT1F , and 5-HT7 receptor agonist ATC code Legal status Bioavailability 20–30% Metabolism Liver Elimination half-life 26–30 hours[ 1] Excretion Kidney
(+)-(R )-3-Methylamino-6-carboxamido-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole
CAS Number PubChem CID IUPHAR/BPS DrugBank ChemSpider UNII KEGG ChEMBL CompTox Dashboard (EPA ) Formula C 14 H 17 N 3 O Molar mass −1 3D model (JSmol )
CN[C@@H]3CCc2[nH]c1ccc(C(N)=O)cc1c2C3
InChI=1S/C14H17N3O/c1-16-9-3-5-13-11(7-9)10-6-8(14(15)18)2-4-12(10)17-13/h2,4,6,9,16-17H,3,5,7H2,1H3,(H2,15,18)/t9-/m1/s1
Y Key:XPSQPHWEGNHMSK-SECBINFHSA-N
Y (verify)
Frovatriptan , sold under the brand name Frova among others, is a triptan medication developed by Vernalis for the treatment of migraine headaches [ 2] menstrual migraine .[ 3] [ 4] Endo Pharmaceuticals in North America and Menarini in Europe.[ 5]
Medical uses
Frovatriptan is used in the treatment of migraine .
It is available as 2.5 mg tablets.
Contraindications
Frovatriptan should not be given to patients with:
Ischemic heart disease
Cerebrovascular syndrome
Peripheral vascular disease
Uncontrolled hypertension
Hemiplegic or basilar migraine
Side effects
Rare, but serious cardiac events have been reported in patients with risk factors predictive of CAD. These include: coronary artery vasospasm, transient myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Frovatriptan activities
Target Affinity (Ki , nM)
5-HT1A 50–62 (Ki )EC50 Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration )Emax Tooltip maximal efficacy )
5-HT1B 2.5–46 (Ki )EC50 )Emax )
5-HT1D 1.7–10 (Ki )EC50 )Emax )
5-HT1E >1,000 (Ki )EC50 )Emax )
5-HT1F 63–120 (Ki )EC50 )Emax )
5-HT2A >10,000 (Ki )EC50 )
5-HT2B >10,000 (Ki )EC50 )
5-HT2C >5,000 (Ki )ND (EC50 )
5-HT3 >1,000 (mouse/rat)
5-HT4 ND
5-HT5A ND
5-HT6 ND
5-HT7 107–200 (Ki )EC50 )
α1 >10,000 (rat)
α1A –α1D ND
α2A –α2C ND
β1 –β3 ND
D1 >10,000
D2 >10,000
D3 >10,000
D4 –D5 ND
H1 >10,000 (guinea pig)
H2 –H4 ND
M1 –M5 ND
I1 , I2 ND
σ1 , σ2 ND
TAAR1 Tooltip Trace amine-associated receptor 1 ND
SERT Tooltip Serotonin transporter ND
NET Tooltip Norepinephrine transporter ND
DAT Tooltip Dopamine transporter ND
Notes: The smaller the value, the more avidly the drug binds to the site. All proteins are human unless otherwise specified. Refs: [ 6] [ 7] [ 1] [ 8] [ 4] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15]
Frovatriptan is a serotonin receptor agonist , with high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors and with weaker activity at the serotonin 5-HT1F receptor .[ 12] A mediated channel activity and benzodiazepine binding sites.[citation needed Frovatriptan inhibits excessive dilation of arteries that supply blood to the head.[citation needed Uniquely among most triptans, frovatriptan is also a relatively potent serotonin 5-HT7 receptor agonist .[ 12] 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors .[ 12]
Pharmacokinetics
Frovatriptan has a terminal elimination half-life of approximately 26 hours, making it the longest within its class.[ 16]
Chemistry
Frovatriptan's chemical structure is unusual among triptans , with other triptans being simple tryptamines or closely related compounds but frovatriptan instead being a tricyclic cyclized tryptamine and tetrahydrocarbazolamine derivative .[ 17] side chain -cyclized derivative of N -methyltryptamine[ 17]
The experimental log P of frovatriptan is 0.9 and its predicted log P is 1.2.[ 18]
History
Frovatriptan was first described in the scientific literature by 1997.[ 19] [ 20] [ 21] United States in 2001.[ 22]
Society and culture
Legal status
Frovatriptan is available only by prescription in the United States and Canada.[ 23]
See also
References
^ a b Tfelt-Hansen P, De Vries P, Saxena PR (December 2000). "Triptans in migraine: a comparative review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and efficacy". Drugs . 60 (6): 1259– 1287. doi :10.2165/00003495-200060060-00003 . PMID 11152011 . ^ Allais G, Benedetto C (2016). "Spotlight on frovatriptan: a review of its efficacy in the treatment of migraine" . Drug Design, Development and Therapy . 10 : 3225– 3236. doi :10.2147/DDDT.S105932 PMC 5055118 PMID 27757013 . ^ MacGregor EA (2014). "A review of frovatriptan for the treatment of menstrual migraine" . International Journal of Women's Health . 6 : 523– 35. doi :10.2147/IJWH.S63444 PMC 4039425 PMID 24904224 . ^ a b Cole P, Rabasseda X (September 2002). "Frovatriptan: a selective type 1B/1D serotonin receptor agonist for the treatment of migraine headache". Drugs Today (Barc) . 38 (9): 615– 629. doi :10.1358/dot.2002.38.9.696537 . PMID 12582449 . ^ "Frova" . Vernalis. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 28 November 2007 .^ Liu T. "Simple Search Results" . BindingDB . Retrieved 28 July 2025 . ^ De Vries P, Villalón CM, Saxena PR (1999). "Pharmacology of triptans". Emerging Drugs . 4 (1): 107– 125. doi :10.1517/14728214.4.1.107 . ISSN 1361-9195 . ^ Saxena PR, Tfelt-Hansen P (2001). "Success and failure of triptans" . The Journal of Headache and Pain . 2 (1): 3– 11. doi :10.1007/s101940170040 ISSN 1129-2369 . PMC 3611827 ^ van den Brink M (22 December 1999). "Coronary Side Effects of Antimigraine Drugs From Patient to Receptor" . RePub, Erasmus University Repository . Retrieved 19 June 2025 . Table 1.2 Receptor binding properties (pKi values) of sumatriptan and second-generation triptans at 5-HT receptors. [...] ^ van den Broek RW (13 March 2002). "Vascular Effects of Antimigraine Drugs: pharmacology of human in vitro models in migraine" . RePub, Erasmus University Repository . Retrieved 19 June 2025 . Table 1.2 Receptor binding properties (pKi values) of the triptans at human 5-HT receptors. [...] ^ Nelson DL, Phebus LA, Johnson KW, Wainscott DB, Cohen ML, Calligaro DO, et al. (October 2010). "Preclinical pharmacological profile of the selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist lasmiditan". Cephalalgia . 30 (10): 1159– 1169. doi :10.1177/0333102410370873 . PMID 20855361 . ^ a b c d Rubio-Beltrán E, Labastida-Ramírez A, Haanes KA, van den Bogaerdt A, Bogers AJ, Zanelli E, et al. (December 2019). "Characterization of binding, functional activity, and contractile responses of the selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist lasmiditan" . British Journal of Pharmacology . 176 (24): 4681– 4695. doi :10.1111/bph.14832 . PMC 6965684 PMID 31418454 . TABLE 1 Summary of pIC50 (negative logarithm of the molar concentration of these compounds at which 50% of the radioligand is displaced) and pKi (negative logarithm of the molar concentration of the Ki ) values of individual antimigraine drugs at 5‐HT receptors [...] TABLE 2 Summary of pEC50 values of cAMP (5‐HT1A/B/E/F and 5‐HT7), GTPγS (5‐HT1A/B/D/E/F), and IP (5‐HT2) assays of individual antimigraine drugs at 5‐HT receptors [...] ^ Reuter U, Neeb L (2012). "Lasmiditan hydrochloride" . Drugs of the Future . 37 (10): 709. doi :10.1358/dof.2012.037.010.1873629 . ISSN 0377-8282 . Retrieved 19 June 2025 . ^ Mitsikostas DD, Ward TN (2024). "Evidence-based symptomatic treatment of migraine". Migraine Management . Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 199. pp. 203– 218. doi :10.1016/B978-0-12-823357-3.00004-5 . ISBN 978-0-12-823357-3 PMID 38307647 . ^ Comer MB (April 2002). "Pharmacology of the selective 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist frovatriptan". Headache . 42 (Suppl 2): S47 – S53 . doi :10.1046/j.1526-4610.42.s2.2.x . PMID 12028320 . ^ Balbisi E (September 2006). "Frovatriptan: A Review of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Potential in the Treatment of Menstrual Migraine" . Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management . 2 (3): 303– 308. doi :10.2147/tcrm.2006.2.3.303 PMC 1936266 PMID 18360605 . ^ a b Deleu D, Hanssens Y (July 2000). "Current and emerging second-generation triptans in acute migraine therapy: a comparative review". J Clin Pharmacol . 40 (7): 687– 700. doi :10.1177/00912700022009431 . PMID 10883409 . ^ "Frovatriptan" . PubChem . Retrieved 29 July 2025 .^ Brown, A. M., Parsons, A. A., Raval, P., Porter, R., Tilford, N. S., Gager, T. L., ... & King, F. D. (1996, October). SB 209509 (VML 251), a potent constrictor of rabbit basilar artery with high affinity and selectivity for human 5-HT1D receptors. In BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (Vol. 119, pp. P110-P110).
^ Parsons AA, Parker SG, Raval P, Campbell CA, Lewis VA, Griffiths R, et al. (July 1997). "Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of the novel 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist, SB 209509 (VML251), and sumatriptan in dogs". J Cardiovasc Pharmacol . 30 (1): 136– 141. doi :10.1097/00005344-199707000-00020 . PMID 9268233 . ^ Parsons AA, Raval P, Smith S, Tilford N, King FD, Kaumann AJ, et al. (August 1998). "Effects of the novel high-affinity 5-HT(1B/1D)-receptor ligand frovatriptan in human isolated basilar and coronary arteries". J Cardiovasc Pharmacol . 32 (2): 220– 224. doi :10.1097/00005344-199808000-00008 . PMID 9700983 . ^ "Drug Approval Package: Frova (Frovatriptan) NDA #21-006" . accessdata.fda.gov . 20 November 2001. Retrieved 28 July 2025 .^ "Patient Information Sheet -- Frovatriptan succinate (marketed as Frova)" . Food and Drug Administration. July 2006. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 28 November 2007 .
5-HT1
5-HT1A
Agonists: 8-OH-DPAT Adatanserin Amphetamine Antidepressants (e.g., etoperidone , hydroxynefazodone , nefazodone , trazodone , triazoledione , vilazodone , vortioxetine )Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., aripiprazole , asenapine , brexpiprazole , cariprazine , clozapine , lurasidone , quetiapine , ziprasidone )Azapirones (e.g., buspirone , eptapirone , gepirone , perospirone , tandospirone )Bay R 1531 Befiradol BMY-14802 Cannabidiol Dimemebfe Dopamine Ebalzotan Eltoprazine Enciprazine Ergolines (e.g., bromocriptine , cabergoline , dihydroergotamine , ergotamine , lisuride , LSD , methylergometrine (methylergonovine) , methysergide , pergolide )F-11461 F-12826 F-13714 F-14679 F-15063 F-15599 Flesinoxan Flibanserin Flumexadol Hypidone Lesopitron LY-293284 LY-301317 mCPP MKC-242 Naluzotan NBUMP Osemozotan Oxaflozane Pardoprunox Piclozotan Rauwolscine Repinotan Roxindole RU-24969 S-14506 S-14671 S-15535 Sarizotan Serotonin (5-HT) SSR-181507 Sunepitron Tryptamines (e.g., 5-CT , 5-MeO-DMT , 5-MT , bufotenin , DMT , indorenate , N-Me-5-HT , psilocin , psilocybin )TGBA01AD U-92016-A Urapidil Vilazodone Xaliproden Yohimbine
Positive allosteric modulators: Oleamide
Antagonists: Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., iloperidone , risperidone , sertindole )AV965 Beta blockers (e.g., alprenolol , carteolol , cyanopindolol , iodocyanopindolol , isamoltane , oxprenolol , penbutolol , pindobind , pindolol , propranolol , tertatolol )BMY-7378 CSP-2503 Dotarizine Ergolines (e.g., metergoline )FCE-24379 Flopropione GR-46611 Isamoltane Lecozotan Mefway Metitepine (methiothepin) MIN-117 (WF-516) MPPF NAN-190 Robalzotan S-15535 SB-649915 SDZ 216-525 Spiperone Spiramide Spiroxatrine UH-301 WAY-100135 WAY-100635 Xylamidine
5-HT1B
Agonists: Anpirtoline CGS-12066A CP-93129 CP-94253 CP-122288 CP-135807 Eltoprazine Ergolines (e.g., bromocriptine , dihydroergotamine , ergotamine , methylergometrine (methylergonovine) , methysergide , pergolide )mCPP RU-24969 Serotonin (5-HT) Triptans (e.g., avitriptan , donitriptan , eletriptan , sumatriptan , zolmitriptan )TFMPP Tryptamines (e.g., 5-BT , 5-CT , 5-MT , DMT )Vortioxetine
5-HT1D
Agonists: CP-122288 CP-135807 CP-286601 Ergolines (e.g., bromocriptine , cabergoline , dihydroergotamine , ergotamine , LSD , methysergide )GR-46611 L-694247 L-772405 mCPP PNU-109291 PNU-142633 Serotonin (5-HT) TGBA01AD Triptans (e.g., almotriptan , avitriptan , donitriptan , eletriptan , frovatriptan , naratriptan , rizatriptan , sumatriptan , zolmitriptan )Tryptamines (e.g., 5-BT , 5-CT , 5-Et-DMT , 5-MT , 5-(nonyloxy)tryptamine , DMT )
5-HT1E
5-HT1F
5-HT2
5-HT2A
Agonists: 25H/NB series (e.g., 25I-NBF , 25I-NBMD , 25I-NBOH , 25I-NBOMe , 25B-NBOMe , 25C-NBOMe , 25TFM-NBOMe , 2CBCB-NBOMe , 25CN-NBOH , 2CBFly-NBOMe )2Cs (e.g., 2C-B , 2C-E , 2C-I , 2C-T-2 , 2C-T-7 , 2C-T-21 )2C-B-FLY 2CB-Ind 5-Methoxytryptamines (5-MeO-DET , 5-MeO-DiPT , 5-MeO-DMT , 5-MeO-DPT , 5-MT )α-Alkyltryptamines (e.g., 5-Cl-αMT , 5-Fl-αMT , 5-MeO-αET , 5-MeO-αMT , α-Me-5-HT , αET , αMT )AL-34662 AL-37350A Bromo-DragonFLY Dimemebfe DMBMPP DOx (e.g., DOB , DOC , DOI , DOM )Efavirenz Ergolines (e.g., 1P-LSD , ALD-52 , bromocriptine , cabergoline , ergine (LSA) , ergometrine (ergonovine) , ergotamine , lisuride , LA-SS-Az , LSB , LSD , LSD-Pip , LSH , LSP , methylergometrine (methylergonovine) , pergolide )Flumexadol IHCH-7113 Jimscaline Lorcaserin MDxx (e.g., MDA (tenamfetamine) , MDMA (midomafetamine) , MDOH , MMDA )O-4310 Oxaflozane PHA-57378 PNU-22394 PNU-181731 RH-34 SCHEMBL5334361 Phenethylamines (e.g., lophophine , mescaline )Piperazines (e.g., BZP , quipazine , TFMPP )Serotonin (5-HT) TCB-2 TFMFly Tryptamines (e.g., 5-BT , 5-CT , bufotenin , DET , DiPT , DMT , DPT , psilocin , psilocybin , tryptamine )
Antagonists: 5-I-R91150 5-MeO-NBpBrT AC-90179 Adatanserin Altanserin Antihistamines (e.g., cyproheptadine , hydroxyzine , ketotifen , perlapine )AMDA Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., amperozide , aripiprazole , asenapine , blonanserin , brexpiprazole , carpipramine , clocapramine , clorotepine , clozapine , fluperlapine , gevotroline , iloperidone , lurasidone , melperone , mosapramine , ocaperidone , olanzapine , paliperidone , quetiapine , risperidone , sertindole , zicronapine , ziprasidone , zotepine )Chlorprothixene Cinanserin CSP-2503 Deramciclane Dotarizine Eplivanserin Ergolines (e.g., amesergide , LY-53857 , LY-215840 , mesulergine , metergoline , methysergide , sergolexole )Fananserin Flibanserin Glemanserin Irindalone Ketanserin KML-010 Landipirdine LY-393558 mCPP Medifoxamine Metitepine (methiothepin) MIN-117 (WF-516) Naftidrofuryl Nantenine Nelotanserin Opiranserin (VVZ-149) Pelanserin Phenoxybenzamine Pimavanserin Pirenperone Pizotifen Pruvanserin Rauwolscine Ritanserin Roluperidone S-14671 Sarpogrelate Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (e.g., etoperidone , hydroxynefazodone , lubazodone , mepiprazole , nefazodone , triazoledione , trazodone )SR-46349B TGBA01AD Teniloxazine Temanogrel Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , aptazapine , esmirtazapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine )Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline )Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , fluphenazine , haloperidol , loxapine , perphenazine , pimozide , pipamperone , prochlorperazine , setoperone , spiperone , spiramide , thioridazine , thiothixene , trifluoperazine )Volinanserin Xylamidine Yohimbine
5-HT2B
Agonists: 4-Methylaminorex Aminorex Amphetamines (e.g., chlorphentermine , cloforex , dexfenfluramine , fenfluramine , levofenfluramine , norfenfluramine )BW-723C86 DOx (e.g., DOB , DOC , DOI , DOM )Ergolines (e.g., cabergoline , dihydroergocryptine , dihydroergotamine , ergotamine , methylergometrine (methylergonovine) , methysergide , pergolide )Lorcaserin MDxx (e.g., MDA (tenamfetamine) , MDMA (midomafetamine) , MDOH , MMDA )Piperazines (e.g., TFMPP )PNU-22394 Ro60-0175 Serotonin (5-HT) Tryptamines (e.g., 5-BT , 5-CT , 5-MT , α-Me-5-HT , bufotenin , DET , DiPT , DMT , DPT , psilocin , psilocybin , tryptamine )
Antagonists: Agomelatine Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., amisulpride , aripiprazole , asenapine , brexpiprazole , cariprazine , clozapine , N-desalkylquetiapine (norquetiapine) , N-desmethylclozapine (norclozapine) , olanzapine , pipamperone , quetiapine , risperidone , ziprasidone )Cyproheptadine EGIS-7625 Ergolines (e.g., amesergide , bromocriptine , lisuride , LY-53857 , LY-272015 , mesulergine )Ketanserin LY-393558 mCPP Metadoxine Metitepine (methiothepin) Pirenperone Pizotifen Propranolol PRX-08066 Rauwolscine Ritanserin RS-127445 Sarpogrelate SB-200646 SB-204741 SB-206553 SB-215505 SB-221284 SB-228357 SDZ SER-082 Tegaserod Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , mianserin , mirtazapine )Trazodone Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine )TIK-301 Yohimbine
5-HT2C
Agonists: 2Cs (e.g., 2C-B , 2C-E , 2C-I , 2C-T-2 , 2C-T-7 , 2C-T-21 )5-Methoxytryptamines (5-MeO-DET , 5-MeO-DiPT , 5-MeO-DMT , 5-MeO-DPT , 5-MT )α-Alkyltryptamines (e.g., 5-Cl-αMT , 5-Fl-αMT , 5-MeO-αET , 5-MeO-αMT , α-Me-5-HT , αET , αMT )A-372159 AL-38022A Alstonine CP-809101 Dimemebfe DOx (e.g., DOB , DOC , DOI , DOM )Ergolines (e.g., ALD-52 , cabergoline , dihydroergotamine , ergine (LSA) , ergotamine , lisuride , LA-SS-Az , LSB , LSD , LSD-Pip , LSH , LSP , pergolide )Flumexadol Lorcaserin MDxx (e.g., MDA (tenamfetamine) , MDMA (midomafetamine) , MDOH , MMDA )MK-212 ORG-12962 ORG-37684 Oxaflozane PHA-57378 Phenethylamines (e.g., lophophine , mescaline )Piperazines (e.g., aripiprazole , BZP , mCPP , quipazine , TFMPP )PNU-22394 PNU-181731 Ro60-0175 Ro60-0213 Serotonin (5-HT) Tryptamines (e.g., 5-BT , 5-CT , bufotenin , DET , DiPT , DMT , DPT , psilocin , psilocybin , tryptamine )Vabicaserin WAY-629 WAY-161503 YM-348
Antagonists: Adatanserin Agomelatine Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine , clorotepine , clozapine , fluperlapine , iloperidone , melperone , olanzapine , paliperidone , quetiapine , risperidone , sertindole , ziprasidone , zotepine )Captodiame CEPC Cinanserin Cyproheptadine Deramciclane Desmetramadol Dotarizine Eltoprazine Ergolines (e.g., amesergide , bromocriptine , LY-53857 , LY-215840 , mesulergine , metergoline , methysergide , sergolexole )Etoperidone Fluoxetine FR-260010 Irindalone Ketanserin Ketotifen Latrepirdine (dimebolin) Medifoxamine Metitepine (methiothepin) Nefazodone Pirenperone Pizotifen Propranolol Ritanserin RS-102221 S-14671 SB-200646 SB-206553 SB-221284 SB-228357 SB-242084 SB-243213 SDZ SER-082 Tedatioxetine Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , aptazapine , esmirtazapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine )TIK-301 Tramadol Trazodone Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline , nortriptyline )Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , loxapine , pimozide , pipamperone , thioridazine )Xylamidine
5-HT3 –7
5-HT3
Agonists: Alcohols (e.g., butanol , ethanol (alcohol) , trichloroethanol )m-CPBG Phenylbiguanide Piperazines (e.g., BZP , mCPP , quipazine )RS-56812 Serotonin (5-HT) SR-57227 SR-57227A Tryptamines (e.g., 2-Me-5-HT , 5-CT , bufotenidine (5-HTQ) )Volatiles/gases (e.g., halothane , isoflurane , toluene , trichloroethane )YM-31636
Antagonists: Alosetron Anpirtoline Arazasetron AS-8112 Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine , olanzapine , quetiapine )Azasetron Batanopride Bemesetron (MDL-72222) Cilansetron CSP-2503 Dazopride Dolasetron Galanolactone Granisetron Lerisetron Memantine Ondansetron Palonosetron Ramosetron Renzapride Ricasetron Tedatioxetine Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , mianserin , mirtazapine )Thujone Tropanserin Tropisetron Typical antipsychotics (e.g., loxapine )Volatiles/gases (e.g., nitrous oxide , sevoflurane , xenon )Vortioxetine Zacopride Zatosetron
5-HT4
5-HT5A
5-HT6
Agonists: Ergolines (e.g., dihydroergocryptine , dihydroergotamine , ergotamine , lisuride , LSD , mesulergine , metergoline , methysergide )Hypidone Serotonin (5-HT) Tryptamines (e.g., 2-Me-5-HT , 5-BT , 5-CT , 5-MT , Bufotenin , E-6801 , E-6837 , EMD-386088 , EMDT , LY-586713 , N-Me-5-HT , ST-1936 , tryptamine )WAY-181187 WAY-208466
Antagonists: ABT-354 Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., aripiprazole , asenapine , clorotepine , clozapine , fluperlapine , iloperidone , olanzapine , tiospirone )AVN-101 AVN-211 AVN-322 AVN-397 BGC20-760 BVT-5182 BVT-74316 Cerlapirdine EGIS-12233 GW-742457 Idalopirdine Ketanserin Landipirdine Latrepirdine (dimebolin) Masupirdine Metitepine (methiothepin) MS-245 PRX-07034 Ritanserin Ro 04-6790 Ro 63-0563 SB-258585 SB-271046 SB-357134 SB-399885 SB-742457 Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , mianserin )Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline , clomipramine , doxepin , nortriptyline )Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , loxapine )
5-HT7
Antagonists: Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., amisulpride , aripiprazole , asenapine , brexpiprazole , clorotepine , clozapine , fluperlapine , olanzapine , risperidone , sertindole , tiospirone , ziprasidone , zotepine )Butaclamol DR-4485 EGIS-12233 Ergolines (e.g., 2-Br-LSD (BOL-148) , amesergide , bromocriptine , cabergoline , dihydroergotamine , ergotamine , LY-53857 , LY-215840 , mesulergine , metergoline , methysergide , sergolexole )JNJ-18038683 Ketanserin LY-215840 Metitepine (methiothepin) Ritanserin SB-258719 SB-258741 SB-269970 SB-656104 SB-656104A SB-691673 SLV-313 SLV-314 Spiperone SSR-181507 Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine )Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline , clomipramine , imipramine )Typical antipsychotics (e.g., acetophenazine , chlorpromazine , chlorprothixene , fluphenazine , loxapine , pimozide )Vortioxetine
Negative allosteric modulators: Oleamide
Tryptamines 4-Hydroxytryptamines esters /ethers 5-Hydroxy- and5-methoxytryptamines
2-Methyl-5-HT 4-HO-5-MeO-T 4-F-5-MeO-DMT 4,5-DHP-DMT 4,5-DHT 4,5-MDO-DMT 4,5-MDO-DiPT 5-BT 5-Ethoxy-DMT 5-HO-DET 5-HO-DiPT 5-HO-NiPT 5-HO-DPT 5-HTP (oxitriptan )5-MeO-2-TMT 5-MeO-34MPEMT 5-MeO-7,N ,N -TMT 5-MeO-DALT 5-MeO-DBT 5-MeO-DET 5-MeO-DiPT 5-MeO-DMT (N ,N ,O -TMS; O -methylbufotenine) 5-MeO-DPT 5-MeO-EiPT 5-MeO-EPT 5-MeO-MALT 5-MeO-MET 5-MeO-MiPT 5-MeO-NET 5-MeO-NiPT 5-MeO-NMT (O ,N -DMS) 5-MeO-PiPT 5-MeO-NBpBrT 5-MeO-T (5-MT; mexamine; O -methylserotonin) 5-MeO-T-NBOMe 5-MT-NB3OMe 5-NOT 5,6-DHT 5,6-MDO-DiPT 5,6-MDO-DMT 5,6-MDO-MiPT 5,6-MeO-MiPT 5,7-DHT Arachidonoyl serotonin ASR-3001 (5-MeO-iPALT) BAB Benanserin (BAS; SQ-4788) BGC20-761 Bufotenidine (5-HTQ; N ,N ,N -TMS) Bufotenin (5-HO-DMT; N ,N -DMS; mappine) Bufoviridine (5-SO-DMT) CP-132,484 Cqd 280 Cqd 285 Cqdd 280 Donitriptan EMDT (2-Et-5-MeO-DMT) HIOC Indorenate (TR-3369) Isamide (N -CA-5-MT) L-741604 MS-245 N -DEAOP-5-MeO-NETN -DEAOP-5-MeO-NMTN -Feruloylserotonin (moschamine)Norbufotenin (5-HO-NMT; NMS) O -Acetylbufotenine (5-AcO-DMT)O -Pivalylbufotenine (5-(t -BuCO)-DMT)Psilomethoxin (4-HO-5-MeO-DMT) Psilomethoxybin (4-PO-5-MeO-DMT) Serotonin (5-HT) N -Acetyltryptaminesα-Alkyltryptamines
5-Hydroxy- and 5-alkoxy-α-alkyltryptamines: 1-Pr-5-MeO-AMT 5-Allyloxy-AMT 5-Ethoxy-αMT 5-iPrO-αMT 5-MeO-αET 5-MeO-αMT (α,O -DMS; Alpha-O) α-Methyl-5-HTP α-Methylmelatonin α-Methylserotonin (5-HO-αMT; α-Me-5-HT) α,N ,O -TMS (5-MeO-α,N -DMT) α,N ,N ,O -TeMS (5-MeO-α,N ,N -TMT) AL-37350A (4,5-DHP-αMT) BW-723C86 Cyclized tryptamines
Barettin Cyclic 3-OHM Ergolines and lysergamides (e.g., LSD )Harmala alkaloidsβ-carbolines (e.g., 5-methoxyharmalan , 6-MeO-THH , 6-methoxyharmalan , 9-Me-BC , β-carboline (norharman) , fenharmane , harmaline , harmalol , harmane , harmine , LY-266,097 , pinoline , tetrahydroharmine , tryptoline )Iboga alkaloidsibogaine , ibogamine , noribogaine , tabernanthine )Ibogalogs (e.g., catharanthalog , fluorogainalog , ibogainalog , ibogaminalog (DM-506) , LS-22925 , noribogainalog , noribogaminalog , PHA-57378 , PNU-22394 , tabernanthalog )Imidazolylindoles (e.g., AGH-107 , AGH-192 , AH-494 )Metralindole Partial ergolines and lysergamides (e.g., NDTDI , RU-27849 , RU-28251 , RU-28306 , FHATHBIN , LY-178210 , Bay R 1531 (LY-197206) , LY-293284 , 10,11-seco-LSD , 10,11-secoergoline (α,N -Pip-T) , CT-5252 )Pertines (e.g., alpertine , milipertine , oxypertine , solypertine )Piperidinylethylindoles (e.g., pip-T , indolylethylfentanyl )Pyrrolidinylethylindoles (e.g., pyr-T , 4-HO-pyr-T , 5-MeO-pyr-T , 4-F-5-MeO-pyr-T )Pyrrolidinylmethylindoles (e.g., MPMI , 4-HO-MPMI (lucigenol) , 5F-MPMI , 5-MeO-MPMI , CP-122288 , CP-135807 , eletriptan )Tetrahydrocarbazolamines (e.g., ciclindole , flucindole , frovatriptan , LY-344864 , ramatroban )Tetrahydropyridinylindoles (e.g., RS134-49 , RU-28253 )Tetrahydropyrroloquinolines (e.g., bufothionine , O -methylnordehydrobufotenineYohimbans (e.g., yohimbine , rauwolscine , spegatrine , corynanthine , ajmalicine , reserpine , deserpidine , rescinnamine ) Isotryptamines Related compounds
2-Azapsilocin 4-Aza-5-MeO-DPT 5-Aza-4-MeO-DiPT 5-HIAA 5-HIAL 5-HITCA 5-MIAL 7-Aza-5-MeO-DiPT α-Carboline γ-Carbolines (pyridoindoles) (e.g., γ-carboline , alosetron , gevotroline , latrepirdine , lurosetron , mebhydrolin , tiflucarbine )Amedalin Benzindopyrine Benzofurans (e.g., 3-APB , 5-MeO-DiBF , BPAP , 3-F-BPAP , dimemebfe , mebfap , oxa-noribogaine )Benzothiophenes (e.g., 3-APBT )Carmoxirole CT-4436 Daledalin Gramine Histamine I-32 IAL IN-399 Indazolethylamines (e.g., AL-34662 , AL-38022A , O -methyl-AL-34662VU6067416 , YM-348 )Indenylethylamines (e.g., C-DMT )Indolizinylethylamines (e.g., TACT908 (2ZEDMA) , 1ZP2MA , 1Z2MAP1O )Indolylaminopropanes (e.g., 1-API , 2-API , 4-API , 5-API (5-IT; PAL-571) , 6-API (6-IT) , 7-API )Iprindole Masupirdine Medmain Molindone Non-tryptamine triptans (e.g., avitriptan , LY-334370 , naratriptan )
Ondansetron Oxazinopyridoindoles (e.g., IHCH-8134 )Phenethylamines (e.g., phenethylamine , amphetamine )Piperidinylindoles (e.g., BRL-54443 , LY-334370 , naratriptan , sertindole , SN-22 )Pirlindole Pyridinylindoles (e.g., tepirindole )Pyridopyrroloquinoxalines (e.g., IHCH-7113 , IHCH-7079 , IHCH-7086 , lumateperone , deulumateperone , ITI-1549 )Pyrrolylethylamines (e.g., 2-pyrrolylethylamine (NEA) , 3-pyrrolylethylamine (3-NEA) , 3-pyrrolylpropylamine )Pyrrolopyridinylethylamines (e.g., WAY-208466 )Quinolinylethylamines (e.g., mefloquine )Ro60-0213 Selisistat Tetrahydropyridinylindoles (e.g., EMD-386088 , LY-367265 , RU-24,969 )Tetrahydropyridinylpyrrolopyridines (e.g., (R )-69 (3IQ) , (R )-70 , CP-94253 )Tetrindole Tipindole Zilpaterol (RU-42173)
