ഒഫ്രിസ് ജനുസ് ഓർക്കിഡിനി ഉപഗോത്രത്തിൽപ്പെട്ടതും ഓർക്കിഡേസീ കുടുംബത്തിലെ ഓർക്കിഡുകളുടെ ഒരു വലിയ സമൂഹവുമാണ്. യൂറോപ്പ് , വടക്കേ ആഫ്രിക്ക , കാനറി ദ്വീപുകൾ , മിഡിൽ ഈസ്റ്റ്, തുർക്ക്മെനിസ്ഥാൻ എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിൽ ഇവ വ്യാപകമായി വ്യാപിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു.[ 2] [ 3] പ്ലൈനി ദി എൽഡർ (23-79 എ.ഡി.) എഴുതിയ "നാച്വറൽ ഹിസ്റ്ററി" എന്ന പുസ്തകത്തിൽ ഒഫ്രിസ് ഓർക്കിഡിനെക്കുറിച്ച് ആദ്യമായി വിവരിച്ചിരുന്നു.
Ophrys apifera (Bee Orchid)
Ophrys bombyliflora (Bumblebee Orchid)Ophrys bombyliflora Link – Bumblebee Orchid - Mediterranean Basin and Canary Islands Ophrys cilicica Schltr. – Cilician Bee-orchid - Turkey , Syria , Iran (note that Cilicia means southern Turkey )Ophrys ferrum-equinum Desf. – Horseshoe Bee-orchid - Albania , Greece , Turkey
Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. ferrum-equinum - Albania , Greece , Turkey Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. gottfriediana (Renz) E.Nelson - GreeceOphrys fuciflora (F.W.Schmidt) Moench – Late Spider-orchid - from Britain to Iraq
Ophrys fuciflora subsp. andria (P.Delforge) Faurh. - Greek islands Ophrys fuciflora subsp. apulica O.Danesch & E.Danesch - southern Italy including Sicily Ophrys fuciflora subsp. biancae (Tod.) Faurh. - SicilyOphrys fuciflora subsp. bornmuelleri (M.Schulze) B.Willing & E.Willing - Turkey, Cyprus, Greek islands, Syria, Palestine, Israel, IraqOphrys fuciflora subsp. candica E.Nelson ex Soó - southern Italy including Sicily, plus Greece and TurkeyOphrys fuciflora subsp. chestermanii (J. J. Wood) H. Blatt & W. Wirth - Sardinia Ophrys fuciflora subsp. elatior (Paulus) R. Engel & Quentin Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy, Slovenia , Croatia Ophrys fuciflora subsp. fuciflora - from Britain to Syria Ophrys fuciflora subsp. grandiflora (H. Fleischm. & Soó) Faurh. - Turkey, CyprusOphrys fuciflora subsp. lacaitae (Lojac.) Soó - Italy , Malta , Croatia Ophrys fuciflora subsp. oblita (Kreutz, Gügel & W. Hahn) Faurh., H. A. Pedersen & S. G. Christ - Greece, Turkey, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, IsraelOphrys fuciflora subsp. oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) Soó - southern Italy including SicilyOphrys fuciflora subsp. pallidiconi Faurh. - TurkeyOphrys fuciflora subsp. parvimaculata O. Danesch & E. Danesch - ItalyOphrys fuciflora var. ziyaretiana (Kreutz & Ruedi Peter) Faurh. & H. A. Pedersen - Turkey, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, IsraelOphrys fusca (Sombre Bee-orchid)Ophrys fusca Link – Sombre Bee-orchid, Dark Bee-orchid - from Portugal to Turkey
Ophrys fusca subsp. blitopertha (Paulus & Gack) Faurh. & H.A.Pedersen - Turkey, Greek islandsOphrys fusca subsp. cinereophila (Paulus & Gack) Faurh. - Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, SyriaOphrys fusca subsp. fusca - from Portugal to TurkeyOphrys fusca subsp. iricolor (Desf.) K.Richt. - from Portugal to TurkeyOphrys fusca subsp. pallida (Raf.) E. G. Camus in E. G. Camus & A. A. Camus - Sicily, Tunisia, AlgeriaOphrys insectifera L. – Fly Orchid - much of Europe from Spain to Russia and Finland
Ophrys insectifera nothosubsp. tytecaeana P. Delforge - FranceOphrys insectifera subsp. aymoninii Breistr. France, SpainOphrys insectifera subsp. insectifera - much of Europe from Spain to Russia and FinlandOphrys isaura Renz & Taubenheim - TurkeyOphrys kojurensis Gölz - IranOphrys konyana Kreutz & Ruedi Peter - TurkeyOphrys kopetdagensis K.P. Popov & Neshat. - Turkmenistan Ophrys kotschyi H. Fleischm. & Soó – Cyprus Bee-orchid, Kotschy's Bee-orchid - Greece, Cyprus
Ophrys kotschyi subsp. ariadnae (Paulus) Faurh. - Greek islands and mainlandOphrys kotschyi subsp. cretica (Soó) H.Sund. - Crete and other Greek islandsOphrys kotschyi subsp. kotschyi – Cyprus Ophrys kreutzii W.Hahn - TurkeyOphrys lepida S. Moingeon & J.-M. Moingeon - Sardinia Ophrys lunulata Parl. - SicilyOphrys lutea (Yellow Bee-orchid)Ophrys lutea Cav. – Yellow Bee-orchid - from Portugal and Morocco to Syria
Ophrys lutea subsp. aspea (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Faurh. - Tunisia, LibyaOphrys lutea subsp. galilaea (H. Fleischm. & Bornm.) Soó - from Portugal and Morocco to SyriaOphrys lutea subsp. lutea - from Portugal and Morocco to TurkeyOphrys lutea subsp. melena Renz - Greece, AlbaniaOphrys lycia Renz & Taubenheim - TurkeyOphrys omegaifera H. Fleischm. – Omega Bee-orchid - from Portugal and Morocco to Syria
Ophrys omegaifera var. basilissa (C. Alibertis, A. Alibertis & H.R. Reinhard) Faurh - GreeceOphrys omegaifera subsp. dyris (Maire) Del Prete - Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Balearic Islands Ophrys omegaifera subsp. fleischmannii (Hayek) Del Prete - Crete and other Greek islandsOphrys omegaifera subsp. hayekii (H. Fleischm. & Soó) Kreutz - Sicily, Algeria, TunisiaOphrys omegaifera subsp. israelitica (H. Baumann & Künkele) G. Morschek & K. Morschek - Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Cyprus, GreeceOphrys omegaifera subsp. omegaifera - Turkey, Greek islandsOphrys omegaifera subsp. apollonae or Ophrys apollonae Ophrys pseudomammosa Renz - Turkey, GreeceOphrys reinholdii (Reinhold's Bee-orchid)Ophrys reinholdii Spruner ex Fleischm. – Reinhold's Bee-orchid - from Croatia to Turkey
Ophrys reinholdii subsp. antiochiana (H. Baumann & Künkele) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz - Turkey, SyriaOphrys reinholdii subsp. reinholdii - from Croatia to TurkeyOphrys reinholdii subsp. straussii (H. Fleischm.) E. Nelson - Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Cyprus, Greek islandsOphrys schulzei Bornm. & Fleischm. - Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, LebanonOphrys scolopax Cav. – Woodcock Bee-orchid - from Morocco and Portugal to Hungary and Iran
Ophrys scolopax subsp. apiformis (Desf.) Maire & Weiller - Spain, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicily, Tunisia, Algeria, MoroccoOphrys scolopax subsp. conradiae (Melki & Deschâtres) H.Baumann & al. - Corsica, Sardinia, ItalyOphrys scolopax subsp. cornuta (Steven) E.G. Camus - Italy, Hungary, the Balkans, Crimea, Turkey, Caucasus Ophrys scolopax subsp. heldreichii (Schltr.) E.Nelson Greece, TurkeyOphrys scolopax var. minutula (Gölz & H.R. Reinhard) H.A. Pedersen & Faurh - Turkey, Greek islandsOphrys scolopax subsp. rhodia (H.Baumann & Künkele) H.A. Pedersen & Faurh. - Greek islandsOphrys scolopax subsp. scolopax - from Portugal to IranOphrys speculum (Mirror Bee Orchid)Ophrys speculum Link – Mirror Bee-orchid, Mirror Orchid - from Portugal to Syria
Ophrys speculum subsp. lusitanica O.Danesch & E.Danesch - Spain, PortugalOphrys speculum subsp. regis-ferdinandii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz) Soó - Turkey, Greek islandsOphrys speculum subsp. speculum - from Portugal to SyriaOphrys sphegodes Mill. – Early Spider-orchid - from Britain and Portugal to Iran
Ophrys sphegodes nothosubsp. jeanpertii (E.G. Camus) Del Prete & Conte - France, Spain, Balkans (O. sphegodes subsp. araneola × O. sphegodes subsp. sphegodes) Ophrys sphegodes subsp. aesculapii (Renz) Soó ex J.J.Wood - GreeceOphrys sphegodes subsp. araneola (Rchb.) M.Laínz - Germany, Switzerland, France, Spain, Italy, YugoslaviaOphrys sphegodes subsp. atrata (Rchb.f.) A.Bolòs - from Portugal to SerbiaOphrys sphegodes subsp. aveyronensis J.J.Wood - France, SpainOphrys sphegodes subsp. catalcana Kreutz - European TurkeyOphrys sphegodes subsp. cretensis H.Baumann & Künkele - Crete and other Greek islandsOphrys sphegodes subsp. epirotica (Renz) Gölz & H.R.Reinhard - Albania, GreeceOphrys sphegodes subsp. gortynia H.Baumann & Künkele - Crete and other Greek islandsOphrys sphegodes subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó & D.M.Moore - Albania, GreeceOphrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó ex E.Nelson - from the Balkans to Turkmenistan Ophrys sphegodes subsp. passionis (Sennen) Sanz & Nuet - France, Spain, Sardinia, Sicily, mainland ItalyOphrys sphegodes subsp. sipontensis (R.Lorenz & Gembardt) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh. - Apulia Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sphegodes - from Britain and Spain to Hungary and the Balkans Ophrys sphegodes subsp. spruneri (Nyman) E.Nelson - Crete and other Greek islandsOphrys tenthredinifera Ophrys tenthredinifera Willd. - from Portugal and Morocco to TurkeyOphrys tremoris Gämperle & Gölz - TurkeyOphrys ulupinara W.Hahn - TurkeyOphrys umbilicata Desf. - from the Balkans to Iran
Ophrys umbilicata subsp. beerii Shifman - IsraelOphrys umbilicata subsp. bucephala (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Biel - Turkey and the Greek islandsOphrys umbilicata subsp. calycadniensis Perschke - TurkeyOphrys umbilicata subsp. flavomarginata (Renz) Faurh. - Cyprus, Syria, IsraelOphrys umbilicata subsp. lapethica (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Faurh. - CyprusOphrys umbilicata subsp. latakiana (M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder) Faurh. & H.A.Pedersen - Turkey, SyriaOphrys umbilicata subsp. umbilicata - from the Balkans to IranOphrys urteae Paulus - TurkeyOphrys zagrica Gölz - IranOphrys sulcata - MHNT
↑ Jarvis, Taxon 41: 566 (1992)
↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Ophrys
Ayasse, M (2007). "Chemical mimicry in sexually deceptive orchids of the genus Ophrys. Phyton-". Annales Rei Botanicae . 46 : 221– 223. Schiestl, F. P.; Cozzolino, S. (2008). "Evolution of sexual mimicry in the orchid subtribe orchidinae: the role of preadaptations in the attraction of male bees as pollinators". BMC Evolutionary Biology . 8 . doi :10.1186/1471-2148-8-27 . {{cite journal }}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link )Schluter, P. M.; Ruas, P. M.; Kohl, G.; Ruas, C. F.; Stuessy, T. F.; Paulus, H. F. (2009). "Genetic patterns and pollination in Ophrys iricolor and O-mesaritica (Orchidaceae): sympatric evolution by pollinator shift". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society . 159 : 583– 598. doi :10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00957.x . Vereecken, N. J.; Schiestl, F. P. (2008). "The evolution of imperfect floral mimicry". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 105 : 7484– 7488. doi :10.1073/pnas.0800194105 .
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