Mz 1

Menzel 1
Emission nebula
Planetary nebula
Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension	15h 34m 17.002s
Declination	−59° 09′ 09.05″
Distance	3,400 ± 500 ly (1,050 ± 150 pc) ly
Apparent magnitude (V)	12.0
Apparent dimensions (V)	76″ × 23″
Constellation	Norma
Physical characteristics
Radius	0.63 ± 0.09 ly[a] ly
Absolute magnitude (V)	1.9 ± 0.3[b]
Designations	ESO 135-11
	See also: Lists of nebulae

Mz 1 (Menzel 1), is a bipolar planetary nebula (PN) in the constellation Norma.

Characteristics

Menzel 1 is a bright planetary nebula that has a prominent central ring of enhanced emission. One model of its structure is a three-dimensional hour-glass shape with a smoothly decreasing density starting from the waist or equator as measured outwardly to the poles. It is radially expanding at a rate of about 23 km/s and estimated to be around 4,500 to 10,000 years old and has its polar axis oriented at an angle of around 40° from the plane of the sky. Its central star is estimated to have a mass of 0.63 ± 0.05 M_☉. In 1992 Schwarz, Corradi, & Melnick published narrow band images of Mz 1 in Hα and [OIII].^[4] H₂ emission was observed in Mz 1 by Webster, Payne, Storey, Dopita (1988). However, despite its relative brightness, Mz 1 has only been studied in a few papers (Monteiro et al. 2005).

History

Mz 1 was discovered by Donald Howard Menzel in 1922. (Menzel 1922)

Notes

^{^} 3,400 ± 500^[2] ly distance × sin( 76″^[2] diameter_angle / 2 ) = 0.63 ± 0.09 ly. radius
^{^} 12.0^[3] apparent magnitude - 5 * (log₁₀(1,050 ± 150^[2] pc distance) - 1) = 1.9 ± 0.3 absolute magnitude

^ ^a ^b ^c SIMBAD 2007
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Monteiro et al. 2005
^ ^a ^b ^c Gottlieb & Wallace 2005
^ Schwarz, H. E.; Corradi, R. L. M.; Melnick, J. (November 1992). "A catalogue of narrow band images of planetary nebulae". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 93 (1): 23–113. Bibcode:1992A&AS...96...23S.

References

Gottlieb, Steve; Wallace, Kent (July 15, 2005), "Results for Mz 1", Doug Snyder's Planetary Nebulae Web Site, Doug Snyder, archived from the original on February 6, 2012 (archive)
Menzel, D. N. (1922), "Five new planetary nebulae", Harvard Bulletin, 177: 0, Bibcode:1922BHarO.777....0M
Monteiro, Hektor; Schwarz, Hugo E.; Gruenwald, Ruth; Guenthner, Katherine; Heathcote, Steve R. (2005), "Three-Dimensional Photoionization Structure and Distances of Planetary Nebulae. II. Menzel 1", Astrophysical Journal, 620 (1): 321–329, arXiv:astro-ph/0410496, Bibcode:2005ApJ...620..321M, doi:10.1086/426809, S2CID 119442827
SIMBAD (January 11, 2007), Results for PN Mz 1, SIMBAD, Centre de Données Astronomiques de Strasbourg

External links

http://www.astro.washington.edu/users/balick/PNIC/PNimages_by_galcoord/322.4-02.6.Mz1.jpg

[simbad-1] SIMBAD 2007

[Monteiroetal2005-2] Monteiro et al. 2005

[pn-3] Gottlieb & Wallace 2005

[SCM-4] Schwarz, H. E.; Corradi, R. L. M.; Melnick, J. (November 1992). "A catalogue of narrow band images of planetary nebulae". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 93 (1): 23–113. Bibcode:1992A&AS...96...23S.

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