Milk run

A milk run, milk round, or milk route is the fixed route taken to pick up milk from dairy farmers, or to deliver milk to consumers, as part of a milk delivery system.^[1] In extended usage, it may be a transportation service that has many stops. Metaphorically, it may be a slow or tedious trip, a military air mission posing little danger, or any circular route.

Milk runs are documented in the American Upper Midwest as early as 1917, where it was a train that made frequent stops to pick up farmers' milk cans for shipment to local dairies for processing and bottling.^[2]

It may also be the route used to distribute full milk bottles and collect empties by a milkman.^[3] The route may be sold by one milkman to another.^[1]

In scheduled passenger airline or rail travel, a milk run may involve a trip with many stops,^[4][1] and more generally a slow, tedious trip. It may also be an uneventful trip.^[4]

Originally from United States Army Air Corps and Royal Air Force aircrews in WWII, a milk run was typically used to refer as a mission posing little danger, the mission could be either a bombing run or a convoy on secured routes (i.e Highway 1 in Vietnam).^[5][6]

In the airline industry, a "milk run" is a multi-stop, regularly scheduled passenger flight operated with a single aircraft. Current examples include:

• Several Alaska Airlines routes connecting smaller Alaskan cities to Juneau, Anchorage, Fairbanks and Seattle.^[7][8]
• The Rex Airlines Milk Run in Queensland, Australia.^[9]
• United Airlines tri-weekly Island Hopper service from Honolulu to Guam via Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, Kwajalein and Majuro.

An historical example of a transcontinental airline milk run in the U.S. in 1962 was National Airlines (1934-1980) flight 223 operated daily with a Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprop aircraft on a south and then westbound routing of Boston - New York City - Jacksonville, FL - Orlando - Tampa - New Orleans - Houston - Las Vegas - San Francisco.^[10][11][12] According to the March 2, 1962 National Airlines system timetable, flight 223 departed Boston at 7:30 am and then arrived in San Francisco at 8:42 pm on the same day with seven intermediate stops en route.

In logistics, a milk run is a circular route.^[13]