It's commonly believed that a group of Cuman-Kipchaks who headed to the Balkans as a result of the Mongol incursions into the Desht-i Qipchaq lands; it is known that they entered the service of the Latin and Nicaea Empires. The Empire of Nicea used this Cuman group against the Seljuk and Mongol threats from the East and settled it in their lands. This Cuman-Kipchak group, interbred with the Oghuz Turks and formed the people called Manav.[1][2][3][5]
Manav couple from a village near Kandıra (circa 1950)
^IV-XVIII. Yüzyıllarda Karadeniz Kuzeyindeki Türk Kavimleri ve Devletleri [IV-XVIII. Turkic Tribes and States in the North of the Black Sea in the IV-XVIII. Centuries], Akdes Nimet Kurat, Ankara, 1972, pp 83–84. (in Turkish).