This is a list of piston engines developed, independently or with other car companies, by Toyota Motor Corporation .
Engine codes
Toyota has produced a wide variety of automobile engines, including three-cylinder , four-cylinder , V6 and V8 engines. The company follows a naming system for their engines:
The first numeric characters specify the engine block's model (usually differed by displacement)
The next one or two letters specify the engine family
The suffix (separated by a dash) specifies the features of the engine: Other manufacturers may modify the engine after it has left the Toyota factory but the engine still keeps the original Toyota designation. For example, Lotus added a supercharger to the 2ZZ-GE in some versions of the Lotus Elise and Exige , but the engine is still labelled 2ZZ-GE, not 2ZZ-GZE.
Examples:
3S-GTE
3S – Third model in the S engine family
G – Performance cylinder head DOHC
T – Turbocharged
E – Multi-point fuel injection
1UR-FSE
1UR – First model in the UR engine family
F – Normal cylinder head DOHC
S – D-4S Gasoline direct injection
E – Multi-point fuel injection
1KD-FTV
1KD – First model in the KD engine family
F – Normal cylinder head DOHC
T – Turbocharged
V – D-4D diesel common rail direct injection The use of "G" to denote twin cam engines was decided on in 1971, with the renaming of the 10R into 8R-G . Before that, twin cams had received separate numerical codes.[ 1]
In 1987, Toyota began assigning dual letter engine codes to some of the "engine family" categories in some engine lines, particularly six-cylinder models. This can create potential confusion. E.g. 1MZ-FE – This is not a supercharged, narrow angle, fuel injected M-series engine, but a narrow angle, fuel injected MZ-series engine. Confusion is easiest to avoid when using the dash to separate between the engine series and its own characteristics: for instance, 1MZ-FE rather than 1M-ZFE.
Starting in 2015, the designations after the dash have a maximum combination of three letters, even though there are more suffixes applicable, especially when newer engine technologies are introduced. For example, both the 2GR-FKS and 8AR-FTS engines have electronic multi-point fuel injection, but the "E" suffix is not included in the code.
Dynamic Force engine series
The Dynamic Force engine series introduced in 2017 uses a different naming scheme, which is similar to that used by Honda and Suzuki . The two numbers between the first and second letters denote the displacement of the engine in liters. The suffix denoting the features of the engine is still used, as with prior engines.
Examples:
M20A-FKS
M20A is a 2.0-liter engine, as denoted by the "20" in "M20A"
F – Normal cylinder head DOHC
K – On-demand Atkinson cycle in non-hybrid engines
S – D-4S Gasoline direct injection
T24A-FTS
T24A is a 2.4-liter engine, as denoted by the "24" in "T24A"
F – Normal cylinder head DOHC
T – Turbocharged
S – D-4S Gasoline direct injection Some engines don’t share the same displacement as with the one found in the engine code. For example, the displacement of the V35A-FTS is closer to 3.4 L despite being marketed as a 3.5 L engine. Moreover, there are a few engines that use the naming scheme of the Dynamic Force family of engines but are not actually part of them, such as the diesel-powered F33A-FTV .
Gasoline
Flat-twin or Flat-four
1961 – U 1961–1966 – 0.7 L (697 cc) U
1965–1975 – 0.8 L (790 cc) 2U
2012–2021 – 2.0 L (1,998 cc) 4U (by Subaru )
Straight-3
Straight-4
1939 – Type C OHV
1939–1941 – 2.3 L (2259 cc) C
1947 – Type S SV
1947–1959 – 1.0 L (995 cc) S
1953 – R OHV /SOHC /DOHC
1953–1964 – 1.5 L (1453 cc) R
1964–1969 – 1.5 L (1490 cc) 2R
1959–1968 – 1.9 L (1897 cc) 3R
1965–1968 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 4R
1968–1986 – 2.0 L (1994 cc) 5R
1969–1974 – 1.7 L (1707 cc) 6R
1968–1970 – 1.6 L (1591 cc) 7R
1968–1972 – 1.9 L (1858 cc) 8R
1967–1968 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 9R
1968–1971 – 1.9 L (1858 cc) 10R
1969–1988 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 12R
1974–1980 – 1.8 L (1808 cc) 16R
1971–1982 – 2.0 L (1968 cc) 18R
1975–1977 – 2.0 L (1968 cc) 19R
1974–1980 – 2.2 L (2189 cc) 20R
1978–1987 – 2.0 L (1972 cc) 21R
1980–1995 – 2.4 L (2366 cc) 22R
1959 – P OHV
1959–1961 – 1.0 L (997 cc) P
1961–1972 – 1.2 L (1198 cc) 2P
1972–1979 – 1.3 L (1345 cc) 3P
1978–1993 – 1.5 L (1493 cc) 4P
1966 – K OHV
1966–1969 – 1.1 L (1077 cc) K
1969–1988 – 1.0 L (993 cc) 2K
1969–1979 – 1.2 L (1166 cc) 3K
1978–1989 – 1.3 L (1290 cc) 4K
1983–1989 – 1.5 L (1486 cc) 5K
1998–1998 – 1.8 L (1781 cc) 7K
1970 – T OHV /DOHC
1970–1979 – 1.4 L (1407 cc) T
1970–1985 – 1.6 L (1588 cc) 2T
1977–1985 – 1.8 L (1770 cc) 3T
1970–1983 – 1.6 L (1588 cc) 12T
1977–1982 – 1.8 L (1770 cc) 13T
1982–1988 – 2.1 L (2090 cc) 4T
1978 – A SOHC /DOHC
1978–1979 – 1.5 L (1452 cc) 1A
1979–1986 – 1.3 L (1295 cc) 2A
1979–1988 – 1.5 L (1452 cc) 3A
1979–1998 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 4A
1987–1998 – 1.5 L (1498 cc) 5A
1989–1992 – 1.4 L (1397 cc) 6A
1993–1998 – 1.8 L (1762 cc) 7A
2004–2006 – 1.3 L (1342 cc) 8A
1979 – X OHV (By Holden )
1979–1982 – 1.9 L (1892 cc) 1X
1982 – S SOHC /DOHC
1982–1988 – 1.8 L (1832 cc) 1S
1982–1987 – 2.0 L (1995 cc) 2S
1985–2005 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 3S
1987–1998 – 1.8 L (1838 cc) 4S
1990–2001 – 2.2 L (2164 cc) 5S
1982 – Y OHV
1982 – 1.6 L (1626 cc) 1Y
1982 – 1.8 L (1812 cc) 2Y
1982–1998 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 3Y
1985–1993 – 2.2 L (2237 cc) 4Y
1985 – E SOHC /DOHC
1985–1994 – 1.0 L (999 cc) 1E
1985–1998 – 1.3 L (1295 cc) 2E
1986–1994 – 1.5 L (1456 cc) 3E
1989–1998 – 1.3 L (1331 cc) 4E
1991–1999 – 1.5 L (1497 cc) 5E
1990 – TZ DOHC
1990–2000 – 2.4 L (2438 cc) 2TZ
1997 – ZZ DOHC
1997–2007 – 1.8 L (1794 cc) 1ZZ
1999–2006 – 1.8 L (1796 cc) 2ZZ
2000 – 1.6 L (1598 cc) 3ZZ
2000 – 1.4 L (1398 cc) 4ZZ
1989 – RZ SOHC /DOHC
1989–2004 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 1RZ
1989–2006 – 2.4 L (2400 cc) 2RZ
1990–2004 – 2.7 L (2693 cc) 3RZ
1999 – SZ DOHC (by Daihatsu )
1999 – 1 L (997 cc) 1SZ
2001 – 1.3 L (1298 cc) 2SZ
2006 – 1.5 L (1495 cc) 3SZ
1997 – NZ DOHC
1997 – 1.5 L (1497 cc) 1NZ
1999 – 1.3 L (1298 cc) 2NZ
2000 – AZ DOHC
2000 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 1AZ
2000–2018 – 2.4 L (2362 cc) 2AZ
2010–2013 – 2.4 L (2362 cc) 3AZ
2002 – BZ OHV
2002 – 4.1 L (4104 cc) 1BZ (LPG )
2003 – TR DOHC
2003 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 1TR
2003 – 2.7 L (2694 cc) 2TR
2007 – ZR DOHC
2007 – 1.6 L (1598 cc) 1ZR
2007 – 1.8 L (1797 cc) 2ZR
2007 – 2.0 L (1986 cc) 3ZR
2010 – 1.6 L (1598 cc) 4ZR
2011 – 1.8 L (1797 cc) 5ZR
2013 – 2.0 L (1986 cc) 6ZR
2014 – 1.8 L (1797 cc) 7ZR
2015 – 1.8 L (1797 cc) 8ZR
2008 – NR DOHC
2008 – 1.33 L (1329 cc) 1NR
2010 – 1.5 L (1496 cc) 2NR
2011 – 1.2 L (1197 cc) 3NR
2013 – 1.3 L (1329 cc) 4NR
2013 – 1.5 L (1496 cc) 5NR
2010 – 1.3 L (1329 cc) 6NR
2010 – 1.5 L (1498 cc) 7NR
2015 – 1.2 L (1197 cc) 8NR
2017 – 1.2 L (1197 cc) 9NR
2008 – AR DOHC
2008–2020? – 2.7 L (2672 cc) 1AR
2008 – 2.5 L (2494 cc) 2AR
2013 – 2.5 L (2494 cc) 5AR
2014 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 6AR
2015 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 8AR
2014 – FS OHV
2014 – RI DOHC (Non-production)
2014 – 2.0 L RI4A
2014 – 2.0 L RI4AG
2017 – A25A DOHC
2017 – 2.5 L (2487 cc) A25A
2018 – M20A DOHC
2018 – 2.0 L (1987 cc) M20A
2021 – T24A DOHC
2021 – 2.4 L (2393 cc) T24A
2022 – S20A DOHC
2022 – 2.0 L (1997 cc) S20A
2025 - G20E DOHC
Straight-6
1935 – Type A OHV
1935–1947 – 3.4 L (3389 cc) A
1937 – Type B OHV
1937–1955 – 3.4 L (3389 cc) B
1944 – Type D OHV (prototype)
1955 – F OHV
1955–1975 – 3.9 L (3878 cc) F
1975–1987 – 4.2 L (4230 cc) 2F
1985–1992 – 4.0 L (3956 cc) 3F
1965 – M SOHC /DOHC
1965–1985 – 2.0 L (1988 cc) M
1966–1972 – 2.3 L (2253 cc) 2M
1966–1971 – 2.0 L (1988 cc) 3M
1972–1980 – 2.6 L (2563 cc) 4M
1979–1988 – 2.8 L (2759 cc) 5M
1984–1987 – 3.0 L (2954 cc) 6M
1986–1992 – 3.0 L (2954 cc) 7M
1979 – G SOHC /DOHC
1979–2008 – 2.0 L (1988 cc) 1G
1990 – JZ DOHC
1990–2006 – 2.5 L (2491 cc) 1JZ
1991–2006 – 3.0 L (2997 cc) 2JZ
1993 – FZ DOHC
1993–2007 – 4.5 L (4477 cc) 1FZ
V6
1987 – VZ DOHC /SOHC
1987–1993 – 2.0 L (1992 cc) 1VZ
1987–1991 – 2.5 L (2496 cc) 2VZ
1987–1997 – 3.0 L (2958 cc) 3VZ
1993–1998 – 2.5 L (2496 cc) 4VZ
1995–2004 – 3.4 L (3378 cc) 5VZ
1994 – MZ DOHC
1994–2007 – 3.0 L (2995 cc) 1MZ
1998–2001 – 2.5 L (2496 cc) 2MZ
2003–2014 – 3.3 L (3310 cc) 3MZ
2002 – GR DOHC
2002 – 4.0 L (3956 cc) 1GR
2006 – 3.5 L (3456 cc) 2GR
2003–2010 – 3.0 L (2994 cc) 3GR
2003–2015 – 2.5 L (2499 cc) 4GR
2005 – 2.5 L (2497 cc) 5GR
2013 – 4.0 L (3956 cc) 6GR
2015 – 3.5 L (3456 cc) 7GR
2017–2018 – 3.5 L (3456 cc) 8GR
2016 – 2.4 L H8909 DOHC (Non-production)
2017 – V35A DOHC
2017 – 3.4 L (3444 cc) V35A
V8
1963 – V OHV
1963–1967 – 2.6 L (2,599 cc) V
1967–1973 – 3.0 L (2,981 cc) 3V
1973–1983 – 3.4 L (3,376 cc) 4V
1983–1998 – 4.0 L (3,995 cc) 5V
1988 – R DOHC (Non-production)
1988 – 3.2 L (3,200 cc) R32V
1989–1994 – 3.6 L (3,579 cc) R36V
1989 – UZ DOHC
1989–2002 – 4.0 L (3,969 cc) 1UZ
1998–2009 – 4.7 L (4,663 cc) 2UZ
2000–2010 – 4.3 L (4,292 cc) 3UZ
1996 – RV8 DOHC (Non-production)
1996 – 2.65L RV8A
1997 – 2.65L RV8B
1998 – 2.65L RV8C
1999 – 2.65L RV8D[ 6]
2000 – 2.65L RV8E
2002 – 2.65L RV8F[ 7]
2003 – 3.5L RV8I
2003 – 3.0 L
2006–2008 – 3.0 L RV8J[ 8]
2009 – 3.4 L RV8K, RV8KG
2011 – 3.4 L RV8KLM
2014 – 3.7 L RV8KLM
2003–2005 – Indy V8 DOHC (Non-production)
2006–2009 – Formula One RVX DOHC (Non-production)
2006 – 2.4 L (2,398 cc) RVX–06
2007 – 2.4 L (2,398 cc) RVX-07
2008 – 2.4 L (2,398 cc) RVX-08
2009 – 2.4 L (2,398 cc) RVX-09
2006 – UR DOHC
2006–2023 – 4.6 L (4,608 cc) 1UR
2007 – 5.0 L (4,969 cc) 2UR
2007–2022 – 5.7 L (5,663 cc) 3UR
V10
1991 – RV10 DOHC (Non-production)
1991–1993 – 3.5 L (3,500 cc) RV10
2001 – 2005 – Formula One – RVX DOHC (Non-production)
2001 – 3.0 L (2,998 cc) RVX-01
2002 – 3.0 L (2,998 cc) RVX-02
2003 – 3.0 L (2,998 cc) RVX-03
2004 – 3.0 L (2,998 cc) RVX-04
2005 – 3.0 L (2,998 cc) RVX-05
2010 – LR DOHC /VVT-i
2010–2012 – 4.8 L (4,805 cc) 1LR-GUE
V12
1997 – GZ DOHC
1997–2017 – 5.0 L (4,996 cc) 1GZ-FE
Diesel
Starting in 1957 until 1988, Toyota established a separate dealership in Japan dedicated to cars and trucks installed with diesel engines, called Toyota Diesel Store Toyota Store and Toyopet Store locations.
Straight-3
2014 – ZS OHV
2014 – 1.8 L (1,798 cc) 1ZS[ 9]
Straight-4
1959 – C OHV
1959–1961 – 1.5 L (1,491 cc) C
1964 – J OHV
1964–1978 – 2.3 L (2,336 cc) J
1969–1983 – 2.5 L (2,481 cc) 2J
1974 – B OHV /SOHC
1972–1988 – 3.0 L (2,977 cc) B
1977–1982 – 3.2 L (3,168 cc) 2B
1980–1990 – 3.4 L (3,432 cc) 3B
1984–1990 – 3.0 L (2,977 cc) 11B
1984–1990 – 3.4 L (3,432 cc) 13B
1988–1996 – 3.7 L (3,661 cc) 14B
1996–2002 – 4.1 L (4,104 cc) 15B
1980 – L SOHC
1977–1983 – 2.2 L (2,188 cc) L
1980–2004 – 2.4 L (2,446 cc) 2L
1987–2006 – 2.4 L (2,446 cc) 2L-II change rocker arm to direct tappet drive
1982–2003 – 2.4 L (2,446 cc) 2L-TE
1991–1997 – 2.8 L (2,779 cc) 3L
1997 – 3.0 L (2,986 cc) 5L
1983 – W OHV
1983–1995 – 4.0 L (4,009 cc) 1W (by Hino )
1984 – C SOHC
1984–1992 – 1.8 L (1,839 cc) 1C
1984–2000 – 2.0 L (1,974 cc) 2C
1994–2002 – 2.2 L (2,184 cc) 3C
1986 – N SOHC
1986–1999 – 1.4 L (1,453 cc) 1N
1986 – Z OHV [ja ]
1986–?? – 3.0 L (2,953 cc) 1Z[ 10]
19?? – 3.5 L (3,469 cc) 2Z[ 11]
19?? – 3.5 L (3,469 cc) 3Z[ 12]
1989 – DZ OHV [ 13] [ 14] 1989 – 2.5 L (2,486 cc) 1DZ
19?? – ?? L 2DZ [ja ]
1993 – KZ SOHC
1993–2004 – 3.0 L (2,982 cc) 1KZ-TE
2000 – WZ DOHC /SOHC (by Groupe PSA )
2000 – CD DOHC
2000–2006 – 2.0 L (1,995 cc) 1CD-FTV
2001 – ND SOHC
2001–2020 – 1.4 L (1,364 cc) 1ND-TV
2001 – KD DOHC
2000 – 3.0 L (2,982 cc) 1KD-FTV
2001 – 2.5 L (2,494 cc) 2KD-FTV
2005 – AD DOHC
2006–2019 – 2.0 L (1,998 cc) 1AD
2005–2015 – 2.2 L (2,231 cc) 2AD
2013 – WW DOHC
2013–2018 – 1.6 L (1,598 cc) 1WW
2015–2018 – 2.0 L (1,995 cc) 2WW
2015 – GD DOHC
2015 – 2.8 L (2,755 cc) 1GD-FTV
2015 – 2.4 L (2.393 cc) 2GD-FTV
Straight-5
1989 – PZ SOHC
1990–2001 – 3.5 L (3,470 cc) 1PZ
Straight-6
1956–1979 - D
1956–1961 – 5.9 L (5890 cc) 1D
1962–1979 – 6.5 L (6494 cc) 2D
1967 – 1990 - H OHV
1967-1971 – 3.5 L (3576 cc) H (Early) Indirect Injection
1972-1980 – 3.6 L (3576 cc) H Indirect Injection
1981-1990 – 4.0 L (3980 cc) 2H Indirect Injection
1989-1990 – 4.0 L (3980 cc) 12H-T Turbocharged Direct Injection
1990 – Present - HZ SOHC
1990–Present – 4.2 L (4164 cc) 1HZ Indirect Injection
1989 – 2001 - HD SOHC
1989-2001 – 4.2 L (4164 cc) 1HD-T Direct Injection
1992-1998 – 4.2 L (4164 cc) 1HD-FT Turbocharged Direct Injection
1998-2007 – 4.2 L (4164 cc) 1HD-FTE Turbocharged Direct Injection
1990 - Z OHV [ja ]
1990–?? – 4.5 L (4429 cc) 11Z
1990–?? – 5.0 L (4994 cc) 12Z
1996–?? – 4.6 L (4616 cc) 13Z
1996 – 5.2 L (5204 cc) 14Z[ 15]
19?? – 5.2 L (5204 cc) 15Z[ 16]
Engine
1D
2D
H (early)
H
2H
12H-T
1HZ
1HD-T
1HD-FT
1HD-FTE
1HD-FTE(intercooled)
Years produced
1956–1961
1962–1979
1967–present
1972–present
1981–1990
1986–1990
1990–present
1989–2001
1992–1998
1998-2007
1998-2007
Power (kW )
67 @ 3600
71 @ 3600
77 @ 3500
101 @ 3500
96 @ 4000
123 @ 3600
125 @ 3600
125 @ 3400
151 @ 3400
Power (HP)
110 @ 2600
130 @ 2600
90 @ 3600
95 @ 3600
103 @ 3500
136 @ 3500
129 @ 4000
165 @ 3600
168 @ 3600
168 @ 3400
202 @ 3400
Torque (Nm )
343 @ 1200
392 @ 1400
205 @ 2200
216 @ 2200
240 @ 2000
313 @ 2000
285 @ 2200
363 @ 2000
380 @ 2500
380 @ 3200
430 @ 3200
Torque (ft·lb )
151 @ 2200
159 @ 2200
177 @ 2000
231 @ 2000
210 @ 2200
268 @ 2000
280 @ 2500
280 @ 3200
317 @ 3200
Capacity
5890 cc[ 17]
6494 cc[ 18]
3576 cc
3576 cc
3980 cc
3980 cc
4164 cc
4164 cc
4164 cc
4164 cc
4164 cc
Bore × Stroke (mm)
100 × 125
105 × 125
88 × 98
88 × 98
91 × 102
91 × 102
94 × 100
94 × 100
94 × 100
94 × 100
94 × 100
Compression Ratio
17.2 : 1
18.0 : 1
21.0 : 1
19.5 : 1
20.7 : 1
18.6 : 1
22.7 : 1
18.6 : 1
18.6 : 1
18.8 : 1
18.8 : 1
Aspiration
Natural
Natural
Natural
Natural
Natural
Turbo
Natural
Turbo
Turbo
Turbo
Turbo(Intercooled)
Number of Valves
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
24
24
24
Cam Arrangement
Gear-driven OHV
Gear-driven OHV
Gear-driven OHV
Gear-driven OHV
Belt-driven SOHC
Belt-driven SOHC
Belt-driven SOHC
Belt-driven SOHC
Belt-driven SOHC
Injection
Indirect
Indirect
Indirect
Direct
Indirect
Direct
Direct
Direct
Direct
Injector Pump
Inline
Inline
Inline
Inline
Rotary
Rotary
Rotary
Rotary
Rotary
V6
V8
References
^ All About the Toyota Twin Cam, 2nd ed. ^ "Parts list - Engine Model: 1KS" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-06-16.^ "TOYOTA INDUSTRIES CORPORATION CN Component" .^ https://www.toyota-industries.com/news/item/reference_full_e.pdf#page104 [bare URL ^ "1FS｜Gasoline｜Engine | Product information | Toyota Industries Corporation, CN component" . key-components.toyota-industries.com . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ "Eagle 987 Champ Car | Dan Gurney's All American Racers" .^ "2002 Toyota RV8F CART engine" . Speedway Motors Museum of American Speed .^ "HAIL TO THE KING | the Super GT 2009 GT300 Champion is a Lexus IS350?!" . 26 August 2015.^ "Toyota's New 1ZS Diesel Engine" . Summit ToyotaLift . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ "TOYOTA ANNOUNCES NEW LINEUP OF 1-3 TON FORKLIFT SERIES | Toyota Motor Corporation Official Global Website" . global.toyota . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ "2Z (Z series) | Diesel Engines | Engine | Product information | Toyota Industries Corporation, CN component" . key-components.toyota-industries.com . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ "3Z (Z series) | Diesel Engines | Engine | Product information | Toyota Industries Corporation, CN component" . key-components.toyota-industries.com . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ https://www.toyota-industries.com/news/item/reference_full_e.pdf#page120 [bare URL ^ "1DZ | Diesel Engines | Engine | Product information | Toyota Industries Corporation, CN component" . key-components.toyota-industries.com . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ https://www.aservicemanualpdf.com/Samplepages/11z-14z%20engine%20repair%20manual%20c4615-1.pdf#page120 [bare URL ^ "15Z (Z series) | Diesel Engines | Engine | Product information | Toyota Industries Corporation, CN component" . key-components.toyota-industries.com . Retrieved 2025-01-29 .^ "Toyota Model DA Truck" . 75 Years of Toyota . Toyota. 2012.^ "Toyota Model DA115C Truck" . 75 Years of Toyota . Toyota. 2012.
Toyota has not published an explanation of the codes used for engine features. Matti Kalalahti derived a list of engine feature codes and published them on his "Engine codes explained" web page in Oct 1999.
External links
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