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List of English translations from medieval sources: C

Main article: Lists of English translations from medieval sources

The list of English translations from medieval sources: C provides an overview of notable medieval documents—historical, scientific, ecclesiastical and literature—that have been translated into English. This includes the original author, translator(s) and the translated document. Translations are from Old and Middle English, Old Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Cornish, Old French, Old Norse, Latin, Arabic, Greek, Persian, Syriac, Ethiopic, Coptic, Armenian, and Hebrew, and most works cited are generally available in the University of Michigan's HathiTrust digital library[1] and OCLC's WorldCat.[2] Anonymous works are presented by topic.

List of English translations

CA–CE

Cà da Mosto, Alvise. Alvise Cà da Mosto (Cadamosto) (c. 1432 – 1488) was a Venetian slave trader and explorer, who was hired by Henry the Navigator to journey to West Africa. He is credited with the discovery of the Cape Verde Islands and the points along the Guinea coast.[3]

  • The voyages of Cada Mosto (1745). In A new general collection of voyages and travels (1745).[4] Consisting of the most esteemed relations which have been hitherto published in any language, comprehending everything remarkable in its kind in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. Edited by John Green (fl. 1730–1753), published by Thomas Astley (died 1759).
  • Original journals of the voyages of Cada Mosto and Piedro de Cintra to the coast of Africa, the former in the years 1455 and 1456 and the latter soon afterwards (1811). In A general history and collection of voyages and travels to the end of the eighteenth century (1811),[5] Volume II, pp. 200–262. By Scottish writer and translator Robert Kerr (1757–1813).[6]
  • The voyages of Cadamosto and other documents on Western Africa in the second half of the fifteenth century (1937).[7] Edited and translated by Gerald Roe Crone.[8] Issued by the Hakluyt Society,[9] Second series, Volume 80.

Cabasilas, Nilus. Nilus Cabasilas, known as Neilos Kabasilas (died after 1361), was a Palamite theologian who was Metropolitan of Thessalonica, succeeding Gregory Palamas.

  • A briefe treatise, conteynynge a playne and fruitfull declaration of the Popes vsurped primacye, written in Greeke aboue. vij. hundred yeres sens (1560).[10] Translated by Thomas Gressop.[11]

Cædmon poems. The poems of Cædmon (fl. c. 657 – 684), the earliest English poet whose name is known.[12][13] He was a zealous monk and an accomplished and inspirational Christian poet, with Cædmon's Hymn being the only surviving composition that can be definitely be ascribed to him. Cædmon is one of twelve Anglo-Saxon poets identified in mediaeval sources,[14] and one of only three of these for whom contemporary biographical information and examples of literary output have survived (the other two being Alfred the Great and Bede). His story is related in the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum by Bede. Several of Cædmon's later works are found in the Junius manuscript (Junius ms. 11) sometimes referred to as the Caedmon ms.

  • Cædmon's metrical paraphrase of parts of the Holy Scriptures, in Anglo-Saxon (1832).[15] With an English translation, notes, and a verbal index, by English scholar Benjamin Thorpe (1782–1870).[16][17] Based on the text of the original Junius ms. 11 in the Bodleian Library, containing the Anglo-Saxon poems Genesis, Exodus, Daniel, and Christ and Satan. The song of Azariah, from the Exeter ms. Published by the Society of Antiquaries of London.
  • The Cædmon poems (1916).[18] Translated into English prose by Charles William Kennedy (1882–1969).[19] With an introduction, and facsimiles of the illustrations in the Junius ms. Includes Caedmon's Hymn and the Anglo-Saxon poems Genesis, Exodus, Daniel, and Christ and Satan.
  • Genesis A (1915).[20] Translated from the Old English by Lawrence Mason (1882–1939).[21] In Yale Studies in English, Volume 48.
  • The fall of man: or paradise lost of Cædmon (1860).[22] Translated in verse from the Anglo-Saxon, with a new metrical arrangement of the lines of part of the original text, and an introduction on the versification of Cædmon, by William H. F. Bosanquet.[23]
  • The opening of Cædmon's paraphrase, translated into modern English. In Clement Marot, and other studies (1871),[24] Volume II, pp. 297–306. By English academic Henry Morley (1822–1894).[25]
  • The fall of man, translated from the Anglo-Saxon of Cædmon (1896). In The epic of the fall of man: a comparative study of Caedmon, Dante and Milton (1896).[26] By Stephen Humphreys Villiers Gurteen (1840–1898).[27] Includes a biographical sketch of Cædmon and the Junius ms. and a translation of the Old English poem Genesis here ascribed to Cædmon.
  • Translation of the Old English Exodus (1903). By William Savage Johnson (1877–1942). In the Journal of English and Germanic philology,[28] V (1903–1905), pp. 44–57.
  • The Holy Rood, a dream (1866). A translation of the poem Dream of the Rood, once attributed to Cædmon or Cynewulf, by English archeologist and philologist George Stephens (1813–1895).[29] In The Ruthwell cross, Northumbria (1866).[30]

Caesarius of Heisterbach. Caesarius of Heisterbach (c. 1180 – c. 1240) was the prior of the Cistercian monastery of Heisterbach Abbey.[31]

  • The Dialogue on Miracles (1929).[32] Translated by Henry von Essen Scott and C. C. Swinton Bland.
  • Medieval heresies: Of the Waldensian heresy in the city of Metz, Of the heresy of the Albigenses; Of the heretics burned at Paris. From the Dialogue on Miracles.[33]
  • Cistercian legends of the thirteenth century (1872).[34] Translated from the Latin by Henry Collins.[35]

Cáin Adamnáin. Cáin Adamnáin: an Old-Irish treatise on the law of Adamnan (1905).[36] An edition of Cáin Adamnáin translated by German Celtic scholar Kuno Meyer (1858–1919).[37] See Adamnan, in List of English translations: A.

Cáin Domnaig. A tract in the Yellow Book of Lecan known as the Law of Sunday. It consists of three parts: (1)the Epistle of Jesus on the observance of Sunday; (2) three examples of punishment for violation of Sunday; and (3) the Cáin Domnaig proper, a highly technical law tract.

  • Cáin Domnaig, translated by James George O'Keeffe (1865–1937).[38] In Ériu,[39] II (1905), pp. 189–214.
  • The law of the Lord's day in the Celtic church (1926).[40] By Donald Maclean (1869–1943).[41]

Caithreim Cellachain Caisil. An Irish saga about Cellachán mac Buadacháin (Cellachán Caisil) (died 954), king of Munster.[42]

  • Caithreim Cellachain Caisil (1905).[43] The victorious career of Cellachan of Cashel, or The wars between the Irishmen and the Norsemen in the middle of the 10th century. The original Irish text edited and with a translation and notes by Norwegian historian Alexander Bugge (1870–1929).[44][45] Chiefly based on one manuscript of the Book of Lismore, a vellum ms. from the end of the 15th century belonging to the Duke of Devonshire. Published for Det Norske historiske kildeskriftfond.

Caithreim Conghail Clairinghnigh. The book of the martial career of the legendary Congal Cláiringnech (2nd century BC), son of Rudraige, and king of Ulster and High King of Ireland.

  • Caithreim Conghail Clairinghnigh: Martial career of Conghal Cláiringhneach (1904).[46] Edited for the first time, with translation, introduction, notes, and glossary, by Patrick M. MacSweeney.[47] Irish Texts Society, 5.

Campanton, Judah ben Solomon. Judah ben Solomon Canpanton (fl. 1130) was a Jewish ethical writer and philosopher.

  • Judah ben Solomon Campanton and his Arbaʻah ḳinyanim (1930).[48] By Elhanan Hirsh Golomb (born 1887).[49]

Cancy, Sir Joseph de. Sir Joseph de Cancy (Chauncy) (c. 1213 – c. 1283) was prior of the English Hospitallers.[50][51] Following the Second Battle of Homs in 1281, Joseph wrote to Edward I of England concerning the activities of Hugh I of Jerusalem and Bohemond VII of Antioch.

  • Letter from Sir Joseph de Cancy, knight of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, to King Edward I. (1281), and Letter from King Edward I, to Sir Joseph (1282) (1888).[52] Edited by William Basevi Sanders (died 1892).[53] In the library of Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society (PPTS),[54] Volume V, Part 5.

Cantalupus, Nicolaus. Nicolaus Cantalupus, or Cantilowe, (died 1441) was an English Carmelite at Bristol, prior of his order. He wrote his Historica Universitatis Cantabrigiensis (1719) and other ecclesiastical works.

  • The history and antiquities of the University of Cambridge (1721). In two parts. (1) Of Its original and progress in the remoter ages, written above 300 years ago by Nicholas Cantalupe. (2) A description of the present colleges. By the Rev. Mr. Richard Parker.[55] To which are added several charters granted to the colleges. Lastly, a catalogue of the chancellors and a summary of all the privileges granted to this seminary of learning by the English monarchs.

Canterbury Cathedral. Canterbury Cathedral, one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England, was founded in 597 and rebuilt between 1070 and 1077.[56]

  • The antiquities of Canterbury (1703).[57] In two parts: (1) The antiquities of Canterbury; or a survey of that ancient city, with the suburbs and cathedral; (2) Cantuaria Sacra, or the antiquities [of the various buildings]. Sought out and published by the industry and good will of English antiquarian William Somner (1598–1669),[58] author of the first dictionary of the Anglo-Saxon language.[59] Edited and revised by English clergyman and antiquary Nicholas Batteley (1648–1704).[60]
  • The most accurate history of the ancient city, and famous cathedral of Canterbury (1661).[61] By W. Somner. Being an exact description of all the rarities in that city, suburbs, and cathedral. Together, with the lives of all the archbishops of that see, illustrated with [diverse] maps and figures. Edited by Hugh Cecil Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale (1857–1944).[62]
  • Heraldic notices of Canterbury Cathedral (1827).[63] With genealogical and topographical notes, to which is added a chronological list of the Archbishops of Canterbury, with the blazon of their respective arms. By English heraldic author and stained glass artist Thomas Willement (1786–1871).[64]
  • A monastic chronicle lately discovered at Christ church, Canterbury. Edited and translated by Charles Eveleigh Woodruff (1856–1948).[65] In Archaeologia cantiana,[66] XXIX (1911), pp. 47–84.

Caoursin, Guillaume. Guillaume (Gulielmus) Caoursin (1430–1501) was vice-chancellor of the Knights Hospitaller.[67] He was an eye-witness to the siege of Rhodes in 1480, an unsuccessful attack by the Ottoman fleet as documented in his Obsidionis Rhodiæ urbis descriptio (1480). His work appears (in French) in the Recueil des historiens des croisades (RHC), Historiens occidentaux, Volume 5. (cf. French Wikipedia, Gulielmus Caoursin)

Capgrave, John. John Capgrave (1393–1464) was an English historian, hagiographer and theologian.[70][71][72] He was known for his Nova Legenda Angliae (New Reading from England), the first comprehensive collection of lives of the English saints, and Abbreuiacion of Cronicles.[73] A biography and complete bibliography is found in the introduction of Hingeston's edition.[74][75]

  • John Capgrave's lives of St. Augustine and St. Gilbert of Sempringham, and a sermon (1910).[76] Edited by John James Munro.[77] In Early English Text Society, Original series, Volume 140. An edition of Lives of St. Augustine (1893) by Carl Horstmann[78] is in Volume 100.
  • Nova legenda Anglie (1901).[79] As collected by John of Tynemouth (14th century),[80] John Capgrave, and others, and first printed, with new lives, by Wynkyn de Worde, AD MDXVI. Now re-edited with fresh material from manusctipts and printed sources by C. Horstmann.
  • The book of the illustrious Henries (1858).[81] Translated from the Latin by English antiquary, the Rev. Francis Charles Hingeston.[82]
  • The chronicle of England (1858).[74] A chronology of history from the time of Adam until 1416. Edited by F. C. Hingeston. Published by the authority of the lords commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, under the direction of the Master of the Rolls. Also known as Abbreuiacion of Cronicles (1983), translated by Peter J. Lucas,[83] in Early English Text Society, Original series, Volume 285.

Cardan, Gerolamo. Gerolamo Cardan (1501–1576) was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest included mathematics and astrology.[84][85]

  • The book of my life (De vita propria liber) (1931).[86] By [Jerome] Cardan and translated from the Latin by Jean Stoner.[87]
  • Anima astrologiæ; or, A guide for astrologers (1886).[88] Being the one hundred and forty-six considerations of the famous astrologer, Guido Bonatus, translated from the Latin by astrologer and mathematician Henry Coley (1633–1704),[89] together with the choicest aphorisms of the seven segments of Gerolamo Cardan of Milan, edited by astrologer William Lilly (1602–1681)[90] in 1675. Republished from the original edition with notes and a preface by William Charles Eldon Serjeant.[91]
  • Cardano: the gambling scholar (1965).[92] By Øystein Ore (1899-1968).[93] With a translation from the Latin of Cardano's Book on games of chance by Sidney Henry Gould.[94]

Carlaverock, siege of. The siege of Carlaverock (1300), part of the Wars of Scottish Independence, occurred when Edward I of England marched north with an army including eighty-seven of the barons of England and several knights of Brittany and Lorraine, and besieged Carlaverock (Caerlaverock) Castle.

  • The siege of Karlaverock in Scotland (1779). In the Antiquarian repertory,[95] Volume II (1779), pp. 107–passim.
  • The siege of Carlaverock in the xxviii Edward I. A.D. MCCC (1828).[96] With the arms of the earls, barons, and knights, who were present on the occasion; with a translation, a history of the castle, and memoirs of the personages commemorated by the poet. Presumed author Walter of Exeter (1261–1326),[97] translated by English antiquary Nicholas Harris Nicolas (1799–1848).[98]
  • The Roll of Arms of the Princes, Barons, and Knights who Attended King Edward I to the Siege of Caerlaverock, in 1300 (1864). Anonymous author, translated by English antiquarian and writer Thomas Wright (1810–1877).[99][100] In Wikisource, The Roll of Caerlaverock.

Carman, Fair of. The Fair of Carman, also known as the Óenach Carmán, was a pagan festival (Óenach) of Leinster honoring the warrior-sorceress Carman of Celtic mythology, typically held by a new king to ensure a successful reign.

  • Aenach Carman: Its Site (1906). By Irish historian Goddard Henry Orpen (1852–1932).[101] In the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland,[102] 36(1), fifth series, pp. 11–41.
  • The ancient fair of Carman (1873). In On the manners and customs of the ancient Irish (1873),[103] by Irish philologist and antiquary Eugene O'Curry (1796–1862).[104][105] Edited with an introduction, appendixes, etc., by William Kirby Sullivan (1821–1890).[106]

Carmen de proditione Guenonis. One of the oldest forms of the chanson de Roland.

  • The Carmen de Prodicione Guenonis (1911). Translated into English with textual notes by Arthur A. Livingston (1883–1944). In Romanic review,[107] Volume II, pp. 61–79.

Carthach. Saint Carthach (the Younger), known as Mo Chutu mac Fínaill (died 639), was first abbot of Lismore.[108] See Lectures on the manuscript materials of ancient Irish history (1861),[109] by Irish philologist and antiquary Eugene O'Curry (1796–1862).[104][105]

  • The rule of St. Carthach. In the Irish Ecclesiastical Record,[110] Volume I (1864–1865), pp. 113–118, 172–180. From the manuscripts of E. O'Curry. Another translation is in ibid, Volume XXVII (1910), pp. 495–517.
  • Life of St. Declan of Ardmore and Life of St. Mochuda of Lismore (1914).[111] Edited from the manuscripts in the Bibliothèque royale, Brussels, and in the Library of Royal Irish academy. With introduction, translation, and notes, by Rev. Patrick Power (1862–1951).[112] From the introduction: "The life [of St. Declan] herewith presented was copied in 1629 by Brother Michael O'Clery [Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (c. 1590 – 1643),[113] chief author of the Annals of the Four Masters]... from an older ms. of Eochy O'Heffernan's [Eochaidh Ui Ifernain] dated 1582 ... Apparently O'Clery did more than transcribe; he reedited, as was his wont, into the literary Irish of his day ... The "Life [of St. Mochuda or Carthach] ... is in its present form a comparatively late production; it was transcribed by [John] Murphy between 1740 and 1750." Irish Texts Society, 16.

Casola, Pietro. Pietro Casola (1427–1507) was a Catholic canon who took a journey to Jerusalem in 1494, documenting his travels in a journal.

  • Canon Pietro Casola's pilgrimage to Jerusalem in the year 1494 (1907).[114] English translation with introduction and notes by Mary Margaret Newett.[115] Italian original first published in 1855, under title Viaggio a Gerusalemme verso la fine del 1400.

Cassianus, Joannes. Joannes Cassianus, known now as John Cassian or John the Ascetic (c. 360 – c. 435), was a Christian monk and theologian celebrated in both the Western and Eastern churches for his mystical writings.[116][117]

  • The works of John Cassian (1894). Translated by the Rev. Edgar C. S. Gibson (1848–1924).[118] In A select library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume XI (Wikisource library).
  • The twelve books of John Cassian on the Institutes of the Coenobia, and the Remedies for the eight principal faults.[119]

Cassiodorus. Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585) was a Roman statesman, renowned scholar of antiquity, and writer serving in the administration of Theodoric the Great.[120]

  • The letters of Cassiodorus (1886).[121] Being a condensed translation of the Variae epistolae of Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator. Translated with an introduction by British historian and biographer Thomas Hodgkin (1831–1913).[122]

Castro, Philip de. Philip de Castro (fl. 1289) was a steward and "person of rank" during the reign of Edward I of England.

  • Traveling expense in the thirteenth century (1827). The accounts of Philip de Castro of the daily expense of a person of rank in the reign of King Edward I on a journey from Oxford to Canterbury, and during his sojourn in London, about AD 1289. Transcribed by the Rev. Joseph Hunter (1783–1861).[123] In Retrospective review, and historical and antiquarian magazine,[124] Second series, Volume I (1827), pp. 269–276, 465–469.

Castiglione, Baldassare. Baldassare Castiglione (1478–1529), count of Casatico, was an Italian courtier, diplomat, soldier and a prominent Renaissance author.[125] His principal work was Castiglione wrote The Book of the Courtier (Il Cortegiano), a courtesy book dealing with questions of the etiquette and morality of the courtier.

  • The book of the courtier (1903).[126] By Count Baldesar Castiglione (1528). Translated from the Italian by Leonard Eckstein Opdycke (1858–1914),[127] with twelve portraits and fifteen autographs.
  • Courts and camps of the Italian renaissance (1908).[128] Being a mirror of the life and times of the ideal gentleman Count Baldassare Castiglione derived largely from his own letters and other contemporary sources, to which is added an epitome of his famous work The book of the courtier. With appreciations and annotations by Christopher Hare, pseudonym for Marian Andrews (1839–1929).[129]

Caterina da Bologna. Saint Caterina da Bologna, also known as Catherine of Bologna, (1413–1463), was an Italian Poor Clare nun, writer, teacher, mystic, artist, and saint.[130][131]

  • The spiritual armour of St. Catherine of Bologna together with the Way of the Cross by Blessed Angela of Foligno (1926).[132] Translated by Alan Gordon McDougall (1895–1964)[133] from the Italian work La via della crose (1919), edited by Guido Battelli.[134]

Caterina da Genova. Saint Caterina da Genova, also known as Catherine of Genoa, (1447–1510), was an Italian Roman Catholic saint and mystic, known for various writings describing her work with the poor and her mystical experiences.[135][131]

  • Treatise on purgatory (1858).[136] Translated from the original Italian, with a preface by Cardinal Henry Edward Manning (1808–1892).[137]
  • Purgation and purgatory: the spiritual dialogue (1979).[138] Translation and notes by Serge Hughes,[139] introduction by Benedict Joseph Groeschel (1933–2014), and preface by Catherine de Hueck Doherty (1896–1985).

Caterina da Siena. Saint Caterina da Siena, also known as Catherine of Siena, (1347–1380), was a lay member of the Dominican Order, and a mystic, activist, and author.[140][131] Her major work is The Dialogue of Divine Providence (1388).

  • The Orcherd of Syon (1966). Edited by Phyllis Hodgson and Gabriel M Liegey. A Middle English translation of the Dialogo from the early fifteenth century, first printed in 1519. In Early English Text Society, Originalseries, Volume 257.
  • Saint Catherine of Siena as seen in her letters (1905).[141] Translated and edited with introduction by Julia Vida Dutton Scudder (1861–1954).
  • The dialogue of the seraphic virgin, Catherine of Siena, dictated by her, while in a state of ecstasy, to her secretaries and completed in the year of our Lord 1370 (1907).[142] Translated from the original Italian, and preceded by an introduction on the life and times of the saint by Algar Labouchere Thorold (1866–1936).[143]

Cath Catharde. In Cath Catharda, or, the Civil War of the Romans (1909).[144][145] Translated and edited by Celtic scholar Whitley Stokes (1830–1909).[146] In Irische Texte mit Wörterbuch,[147] Volume IV, Part 2. The work is one of the longest prose compositions in medieval Irish. It is a free adaptation of Books I–VII of the epic poem Pharsalia, by 1st century Roman poet Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus).[148]

Cath Flochairte Brighte. An account of the battle of Fochart (or Faughart, the birthplace of St. Brigid of Kildare), fought in 1318.

  • Cath Flochairte Brighte, or the battle of Fochart of St. Bridget.[149] An Irish account of Bruce's invasion edited and translated by Henry Morris (1874–1945), known as Énri Ua Muirgheasa. In the Journal of the Journal of the County Louth Archaeological Society,[150] Volume I (1904–1907), Part III, pp. 77–91.
  • The Gaelic Account of the Bruce Invasion, Cath Fhochairte Brighite: Medieval Romance or Modern Forgery? (1988).[151] By Sean Duffy. In Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society, Volume 13(1), pp. 59–121.

Catharina. Saint Catharina of Alexandria, also known as Katherine of Alexandria, (fl. 4th century) was an Egyptian Christian saint and virgin who was martyred at the hands of Roman emperor Maxentius. In the fifteenth century, Joan of Arc identified her as one of the saints who appeared to and counseled her.[152][131]

  • The legend of St. Katherine of Alexandria (1841).[153] Edited, from a manuscript in the Cottonian library, by James Morton.
  • Life of St. Katherine (1884). Edited, with introduction, notes and a glossary, by Eugen Einenkel (1853–1930).[154] With its Latin original from the Cotton ms. Caligula A, VIII. In Early English Text Society,[155] Original series, Volume 80.
  • The life and martyrdom of Saint Katherine of Alexandria, virgin and martyr (1884).[156] Now first printed from a manuscript of the early part of the fifteenth century in the possession of Henry Hucks Gibbs (1819–1907).[157][158] With preface, notes, glossary, and an appendix that includes a revision to E. Einenkel's translation above. Roxburghe Club Books,[159] Volume 112.
  • The miracles of Madame Saint Katherine of Fierbois (1897).[160] Translated by Scottish poet and anthropologist Andrew Lang (1844–1912)[161] from the edition of the Abbé Jean Jacque Bourassé (1813–1872).[162]

Catonis disticha. The Catonis disticha, also known as Distichs of Cato or simply Cato, (3rd or 4th century), is a Latin collection of proverbial wisdom and morality by an unknown author referred to as Dionysius Cato. It was the most popular medieval schoolbook for teaching Latin and was in common use as a Latin teaching aid as late as the 18th century, used by Benjamin Franklin. Franklin also published Cato's Moral Distichs, later revised and edited by his American biographer Carl van Doren (1885–1950).

Cavalcanti, Guido. Guido Cavalcanti (c. 1250 – 1300) was an Italian poet, and a friend and intellectual influence on Dante Alighieri.[167]

  • Sonnets and ballate of Guido Cavalcanti (1912).[168] With translations of them, and an introduction, by American poet and critic Ezra Pound (1885–1972).[169]

Caxton, William. William Caxton (c. 1422 – c. 1491) was an English merchant, diplomat, and writer, introducing the printing press into England, in 1476, and the first English retailer of printed books.[165][166][170] Caxton's work is heavily represented in the works published by the Early English Text Society, including from the Original Series numbers 168, 176, 189, 234, 263 and 355; from the Extra Series numbers 3, 36, 37, 44, 45, 54, 57, 58, 64, 79, 110 and 111; and Supplemental Series, number 2.[171]

  • The recuyell of the historyes of Troye (1894).[172] Written in French by Raoul Lefèvre (fl. 1460). Translated and printed by W. Caxton, The recuyell of the historyes of Troye (1464), was the first English printed book. Edited by Heinrich Oskar Sommer (born 1861).[173]
  • Dialogues in French and English (1900).[174] Adapted from a fourteenth-century book of dialogues in French and Flemish. Edited from Caxton's printed text (c. 1483), with introduction, notes, and word lists, by British philologist and lexicographer Henry Bradley (1845–1923).[175] In Early English Text Society, Extra Series, 79.
  • The biography and typography of William Caxton, England's first printer (1877).[176] By English printer and bibliographer William Blades (1824–1890).[177][178]
  • William Caxton (1905).[179] By British bibliographer Edward Gordon Duff (1861–1924).[180]
  • Fifteenth century English books; a bibliography of books and documents printed in England and of books for the English market printed abroad (1917).[181] by E. Gordon Duff.

Celestinus I. Saint Celestine I (c. 376 – 432) was pope from 422 through 432.[182][183]

  • A homily on the Archangel Gabriel, by Celestinus, archbishop of Rome. In The Coptic manuscripts in the Freer Collection (1923),[184] pp. 128–248 (Coptic), pp. 327–358 (English translation). Edited by William Hoyt Worrell (1879–1952).[185] Authorship uncertain, attributed by Celestinus by W. Worrell. Published in the University of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Series,[186] Volume X (1923), Part 2.

Célie Dé. Célie Dé is the Celtic equivalent of Servus Dei, literally Spouses of God, or Culdees.[187][188] First used in the Annals of the Four Masters referring to the Dominican Friars of Sligo and in the Book of Fenagh applied to John the Baptist.

  • On the Célie-dé, commonly called the Culdees. By the Rev. William Reeves (1815–1892).[189] In the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, Antiquities,[190] XXIV (1873), Part 2, pp. 119–263.
  • Prose rule of the Célie-dé. Translated by Irish language scholar John O'Donovan (1809–1861).[191] Ibid, pp. 202–215.
  • The rule of Célie-dé. In the Rule of Tallaght (1927),[192] edited by Irish scholar Edward Gwynn (1868–1941). In Hermathena,[193] Volume 44 (1927), second supplement.

Cene de la Chitarra. Cene de la Chitarra (Cene of the Guitar) was the pseudonym of an Aretine poet who wrote a parody of the Sonnets of the Months by Italian poet Folgóre da San Gimignano (c. 1270 – c. 1332).

  • A translation of Cene de la Chitarra's parodies of the Sonnets of the Months, by Ruth Shepard Phelps (1876–1949).[194] In Romanic review,[107] VI (1915), pp. 283–297.

Cennini, Cennino. Cennino d'Andrea Cennini (c. 1360 – before 1427) was an Italian painter influenced by Giotto di Bondone.[195]

  • A treatise on painting (1844).[196] Written by Cennino Cennini in the year 1437, and first published in Italian in 1821, with an introduction and notes, by Giuseppe Tambroni (1773–1824).[197] Containing practical directions for painting in fresco, secco, oil, and distemper, with the art of gilding and illuminating manuscripts adopted by the old Italian masters. Translated by artist and algologist Mary Philadelphia Merrifield (1804–1889).[198] With an introductory preface, copious notes, and illustrations in outline from celebrated pictures.
  • The book of the art of Cennino Cennini (1922).[199] A contemporary practical treatise of quattrocento painting translated from the Italian, with notes on medieval art methods, by British artist Lady Christiana Jane Herringham (1852–1929).[200]
  • Il libro dell' arte [The craftsman's handbook] (1932).[201][202] By American art historian and translator Daniel Varney Thompson (1902–1980).[203]

Ceolfrid. Saint Ceolfrid, or Ceolfrith ( c. 642 – 716) was an Anglo-Saxon Christian abbot, best known as the warden of Bede from the age of seven until his death in 716.[204]

  • The life of Ceolfrid, abbot of the monastery at Wearmouth and Jarrow (1912).[205] By an unknown author of the eighth century. Translated from the original, and edited (with introductory essay and notes) by Douglas Samuel Boutflower.[206] First publication in English, to which is added an article on the Codex Amiatinus,[207] by the Rev. John L. Low (1817–1888).[208]

Cessolis, Jacobus de. Jacobus de Cessolis (c. 1250 – c. 1322)[209] was an Italian Dominican friar whose sermons on morality were published as Liber de moribus hominum et officiis nobilium super ludo scacchorum (Book of the customs of men and the duties of nobles or the Book of Chess). They later became the basis of a famous author of a morality book The Game and Playe of the Chesse, one of the earliest printed books in English, published by William Caxton in 1474.

  • Caxton's Game and playe of the chesse, 1474 (1883).[210] A verbatim reprint of the first edition, with an introduction by English librarian and antiquary William Edward Armytage Axon (1846–1913).[211]

CH–CI

Chandos the Herald. Chandos the Herald (fl. 1360–1380) was herald (officer of arms) to English knight Sir John Chandos (c. 1320 – 1369), a close friend of Edward the Black Prince and a founding member and 19th Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1348.[212]

  • The Black Prince (1842). An historical poem written in French, with a translation and notes by English librarian the Rev. Henry Octavius Coxe (1811–1881).[213][214] Roxburghe Club Books,[159] Volume 58.
  • Le Prince Noir: poéme du héraut d'armes Chandos (1883).[215] English title: The life and feats of arms of Edward the Black prince, Chandos herald. A material chronicle with an English translation and notes by Francisque Michel (1809–1887).[216]
  • Life of the Black Prince (1910).[217] By the herald of Sir John Chandos. Edited from the manuscript in Worcester College, with linguistic and historical notes, by Mildred Katherine Pope (1872–1956)[218] and Eleanor Constance Lodge (1869–1936).[219]

Chanson de Roland. La Chanson de Roland (Song of Roland) is an 11th-century chanson de geste based on Frankish military leader Roland (died 778) and the battle of Roncevaux Pass in 778, during the reign of Charlemagne.[220] The author has been postulated to be a poet Turold (Turoldus) who wrote the work sometime between the Norman conquest of England and the First Crusade. Roland, also known as Orlando, is a principal figure in the Matter of France.[221] See also Roland.

  • The song of Roland, as chanted before the battle of Hastings (1854).[222] By the minstrel Taillefer. Translated by the author of Emilia Wyndham, Anne Marsh-Caldwell (1791–1874).[223]
  • The song of Roland (1880).[224] Translated into English verse by Irish lawyer and writer John O'Hagan (1822–1890).[225]
  • The death of Roland. In Gudrun, Beowulf and Roland with other mediaeval tales (1881),[226] pp. 171–227. By John Gibb (1835–1915).[227]
  • The death of Roland: an epic poem (1887).[228] By English author and composer John Frederick Rowbotham (1859–1925).[229]
  • La chanson de Roland (1885).[230] Translated into English from the seventh edition of La Chanson de Roland(1880)[231] of French literary historian Léon Gautier (1832–1897),[232] by Léonce Rabillon (1814–1886).[233]
  • The song of Roland (1904).[234] Translated into English prose by Isabel Butler.[235] From the Riverside literature series.
  • The song of Roland (1913).[236] Translated into English verse by Australian classical scholar Arthur Sanders Way(1847-–1930).[237]
  • The song of Roland (1920).[238] Done into English, in the original measure, by Scottish writer and translator Charles Kenneth Scott Moncrieff (1889–1930);[239] with an introduction by G. K. Chesterton (1874–1936),[240] and a note on technique by George Saintsbury (1845–1933).[241]
  • The song of Roland (1924).[242] Newly translated into English with an introduction by American scholar of medieval French literature Jessie Raven Crosland (1879–1973).[243] In King's classics.
  • History of Charles the Great and Orlando (1812).[244] Ascribed to archbishop Turpin, who appears as one of the paladins (twelve peers) of France in the Song of Roland as a warrior-bishop. Translated from the Latin by Thomas Rodd (1763–1822).[245] Reprinted in Mediaeval tales (1884)[246] by Henry Morley (1822–1894).[25]
  • The song of Roland: the legend that Turoldus relates (1960).[247] The Oxford version translated into modern English verse by Laura Moore Wright.[248]
  • The Carmen de Prodicione Guenonis (1911). Translated into English, with textual notes, by Arthur A. Livingston (1883–1944). In Romanic review,[107] Volume II, pp. 61–79.

Charlemagne. Charlemagne (748–814) was king of the Franks and founder of the Carolingian Empire.[249][250] Among those listed below are legal, historical or fictional accounts of Charlemagne and his reign. See also Charlemagne Romances, below, which considers the series published by the Early English Text Society.

  • Life of Charlemagne (1915).[251] A translation of the Latin biography Vita Karoli Magni by Frankish scholar and courtier Einhard (c. 775 – 840),[252][253] a servant of Charlemagne's and his son Louis the Pious. Edited, with introductions and notes, by British classical scholars Heathcote William Garrod (1878–1960)[254] and Robert Balmain Mowat (1883–1941).[255]
  • Early lives of Charlemagne (1922).[256] Translations of two biographies of Charlemagne: (1) Vita Karoli Magni by Eginhard [Einhard]; and (2) Gesta Caroli Magni by Notker Balbulus, the Monk of Saint Gall. The latter is not really a biography, but rather a collection of anecdotes of Charlemagne and his family. Translated and edited by Arthur James Grant (1862–1948).
  • Selections from the laws of Charles the Great (1900).[257] Translated from the Capitularia Aegum Francorum by Alfred Boretius (1836–1900).[258] Edited by American historian Dana Carleton Munro (1866–1933).[259] From Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History,[260] Volume VI, No. 5.
  • History of Charles the Great and Orlando (1812).[244] Ascribed to Turpin, bishop of Rheims, and translated from the Latin by Thomas Rodd (1763–1822).[245] Reprinted in Mediaeval tales (1884)[246] by Henry Morley (1822–1894).[25] Originally in Rodd's Ancient Spanish ballads relating to the twelve peers of France, mentioned in Don Quixote, with English metrical versions (1821).[261]
  • The conquests of Charlemagne (1917).[262] A translation of Gabhaltais Shearluis Mhoir, edited from the Book of Lismore and three other vellum manuscripts, by Irish scholar and politician Douglas Ross Hyde (1860–1949). The Irish version of the Pseudo-Turpin work above. Irish Texts Society, 19.
  • The Gests of Charlemagne, being a literal translation of the Welsh text (1892). Translated by Welsh academic Rev. Griffith Hartwell Jones (1859–1944).[263] Contains the story of the Voyage to Jerusalem, Pseudo-Turpin chronicle, Roman d'Oteul and Chanson de Roland. In Selections from the Hengwrt mss. preserved in the Peniarth library (1876–1892),[264] Volume II, pp. 437–517. Selections of the Hengwrt–Peniarth manuscripts, edited and translated by the Rev. Robert Williams (1810–1881),[265][266] continued by G. Hartwell Jones.
  • The history of Charlemagne (1907). A translation of Ystorya de Carolo Magno, with a historical and critical introduction by Robert Williams. The translation is of the Welsh version found in the Red Book of Hergest, and includes the works in Gests of Charlemagne, above. In Y Cymmrodor,[267] Volume XX (1907).
  • The Irish version of Fierabras (1898). The story of Ferumbras, a Saracen knight who eventually fights for Charlemagne. Edited and translated by Celtic scholar Whitley Stokes (1830–1909).[146] In Revue celtique,[268] XIX (1898), pp. 14–passim. Another version of the story is Sechran na banimpire (1911), edited and translated by Carl Marstrander. In Ériu,[39] Volume 5 (1911), pp. 161–199.
  • Charlemagne; an Anglo-Norman poem of the twelfth century (1836).[269] Now first published with an introduction and a glossarial index by French historian and philologist Francisque Xavier Michel (1809–1887).[216]
  • The Lyf of the noble and Crysten prynce, Charles the Grete (1880–1881).[270] Translated from the French by William Caxton and printed by him in 1485. Edited from the unique copy in the British Museum, with introduction, notes and glossary, by Sidney John Hervon Herrtage.[271] In Early English Text Society, Extra Series, 36, 37.
  • The pilgrimage of Charlemagne to Jerusalem and Charles and Elegast (1928). In Medieval narrative: a book of translations (1928),[272] pp. 77–124. By American medievalist Margaret Schlauch (1898–1986).[273] Charles and Elegast is the translation of the Middle Dutch work Karel ende Elegast.
  • The Merry pilgrimage: how Charlemagne went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in order to see whether Hugo of Constantinople was a handsomer man than he (1927). Translated by Margaret M. Sherwood (1892–1961)[274]
  • The saga of Charlemagne and his heroes (1975–1980). A translation of the Karlamagnús saga by Constance Bartlett Hieatt (died 2011).
  • Charlemagne. In A manual of the writings in Middle English,1050–1400 (1923–1927),[275] Chapter I.3, pp. 82–94. By John Edwin Wells (1875–1943).[276]

Charlemagne Romances. The English Charlemagne romances were generally tales cast to show that his pilgrimage to the Holy Land was actually a military campaign.[277][278] They are found in the publications of the Early English Text Society, Extra Series, Volumes 34–41, 43–45 and 50.[171]

  • The English Charlemagne romances. (1879–1887), 12 volumes.[279]
  • Sir Ferumbras (1879).[280] The story of Ferumbras, a Saracen knight who eventually fights for Charlemagne. Edited from the unique manuscript Bodleian ms. Ashmole 33, by Sidney John Hervon Herrtage.[271]
  • The sege off Melayne and The romance of Duke Rowland and Sir Otuell of Spayne (1880).[281] Edited by Sidney J. H. Herrtage.
  • The Lyf of the noble and Crysten prynce, Charles the Grete (1880–1881).[270] See above.
  • The Romaunce of the Sowdone of Babylone and of Ferumbras his sone who conquerede Rome (1881).[282] Edited from the unique ms. of English antiquary and book collector Thomas Phillipps (1792–1872).[283] With introduction, notes, and glossary, by Emil Hausknecht (1853–1927).[284]
  • The taill of Rauf Coilyear with the fragments of Roland and Vernagu and Otuel (1882).[285] Edited by Sidney J. H. Herrtage. An edition of The Tale of Ralph the Collier.
  • The Boke of Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–1887).[286] Translated into English by John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners (1467–1533),[287] and printed by Wynkyn de Worde (died 1534).[288] Edited from the unique copy of the first edition, now in the possession of the Earl of Crawford and Balcarres [James Lindsay] with an introduction, by Sidney Lee (1859–1926).[289]
  • The right plesaunt and goodly historie of the foure sonnes of Aymon (1885).[290] English translation from the French by William Caxton, printed about 1489. Edited from the unique copy, now in the possession of Earl Spencer, with an introduction, by Octavia Richardson.[291]

Charroi de Nîmes. The Charroi de Nîmes is an Old French chanson de geste from the first half of the twelfth-century, part of the cycle concerning William of Orange.[292]

  • Le charroi de Nîmes (1936). An English translation with notes by Henri J. Godin.

Chartier, Alain. Alain Chartier (c. 1385 – 1430) was a French poet and political writer.[293]

Châtelaine de Vergy. Châtelaine de Vergy is an anonymously-written 13th century romance of courtly love in Old French.

  • The chatelaine of Vergi: a 13th-century French romance (1903).[297] Done into English by Alice Kemp-Welch,[298] edited with introduction by Louis Brandin (1874–1940).[299] With contemporary illustrations.

Chastellain, Georges. Georges Chastellain (c. 1405 –1475) was a Burgundian poet and chronicler of the Order of the Golden Fleece.[300][301]

  • A fragment of the Chronicle of Normandy, from the year 1414 to the year 1422. From the mss. of Sir George Chastelain, herald and archivist of the Order of the Golden Fleece, and of William Worcester. In Henrici Quinti, Angliae regis Gesta cum Chronica Neustriae, Gallice, ab a. 1414-1422 (1850),[302] pp. 213–262. By Benjamin Williams (1803-1861).[303]

Chaucer, Geoffrey. Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1340s – 1400) was an English poet and author. Considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages, he is best known for The Canterbury Tales.[304][305][306]

  • Chaucer: a bibliographical manual (1908).[307] By Eleanor Prescott Hammond (1866–1933).[308]
  • A bibliography of Chaucer, 1908-1924 (1926).[309] A supplement to Eleanor P. Hammond's work, compiled by Dudley David Griffith (born 1882).[310]
  • The riches of Chaucer (1835).[311] In which his impurities have been expunged, his spelling modernised, his rhythm accentuated and his obsolete terms explained; also have been added a few explanatory notes and a new memoir of the poet. By English author and Shakespearian scholar Charles Cowden Clarke (1787–1877).[312][313]
  • The poems of Geoffrey Chaucer, modernized (1841).[314] Edited by English poet and critic Richard Henry Horne (1802–1884).[315][316] Contains modernizations by the editor, Robert Bell, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Leigh Hunt, Thomas Powell, William Wordsworth, and "Z.A.Z." Includes A life of Geoffrey Chaucer, by Professor Leonhard Schmitz (1807–1890).
  • The Canterbury tales and Faerie queene, with other poems of Chaucer and Spenser (1870).[317] Edited for popular perusal, with current illustrative and explanatory notes, by David Laing Purves (1838–1873).[318]
  • The prologue to the Canterbury tales; The romaunt of the rose, and minor poems (1907).[319] Done into modern English by British philologist Rev. Walter William Skeat (1835–1912).[320]
  • The complete poetical works of Geoffrey Chaucer (1921).[321] Now first put into modern English, by American scholars John Strong Perry Tatlock (1876–1948) and Percy MacKaye (1875–1956). Illustrations by Warwick Goble (1862–1943).
  • Chaucer. In A manual of the writings in Middle English,1050–1400 (1923–1927),[275] Chapter XVI, pp. 599–788. By John Edwin Wells (1875–1943).[276]

Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The Canterbury Tales are Chaucer's greatest work and is a collection of 24 stories written in Middle English between 1387 and 1400. (cf. Versions of the Canterbury Tales on Wikisource).

  • Canterbury tales (1909).[322][323] With bibliography An edition in which seventeen of the twenty-four tales have been slightly modernized as to spelling by the editor, Arthur Burrell (born 1859).[324] In Everyman's Library,[325] 307.
  • The tales of Chaucer: the Canterbury tales done into prose (1930).[326] All of the tales, but with some alteration and compression to render the book suitable for younger readers. By English author Eleanor Farjeon (1881–1965).[327] Illustrated by Scottish artist Sir William Russell Flint (1880–1969).[328]
  • Canterbury tales (1934).[329] Rendered into modern English by John Urban Nicolson (1885–1944).;[330] with illustrations by American artist Rockwell Kent (1882–1971) and an introduction by American philologist and folklorist Gordon Hall Gerould (1877–1953).
  • The Canterbury tales of Chaucer, modernis'd by several hands (1741).[331] Published by English author and translator George Ogle (1704–1746).[332] The work contains versions by Ogle, John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Thomas Betterton, and others.
  • The Canterbury tales of Chaucer; completed in a modern version (1795).[333] By William Lipscomb (1754–1842).[334]
  • Tales from Chaucer, in prose (1833).[335] Designed chiefly for the use of young persons. By English author and Shakespearian scholar Charles Cowden Clarke (1787–1877).[312][313] Later edition in Everyman's Library,[336] 537.
  • The Canterbury tales: being selections from the tales of Geoffrey Chaucer (1884).[337] Rendered into modern English with close adherence to the language of the poet by Frank Pitt-Taylor.[338]
  • The Canterbury tales of Geoffrey Chaucer: a modern rendering into prose of the Prologue and ten tales (1904).[339] By American dramatist and poet Percy MacKaye (1875–1956). Illustrations by Walter Appleton Clark (1876–1906).
  • The Prioresses tale, Sir Thopas, the Monkes tale, the Clerkes tale, the Squieres tale, from the Canterbury tales (1888).[340] Edited and translated by the Rev. Walter William Skeat (1835–1912).[320]
  • The tale of the man of lawe; The second nonnes tale; The chanouns yemannes tale (1891).[341] Done into modern English by Walter W. Skeat.
  • The story of Patient Griselda, from the Clerk's tale of Geoffrey Chaucer (1906).[342] A tale of Griselda, done into modern English with a few notes, Walter W. Skeat. See also Gualtherus and Griselda, the clerk of Oxford's tale (1741),[343] edited by George Ogle.
  • Dryden's Palamon and Arcite; or The Knight's tale from Chaucer (1899).[344] A John Dryden translation known as Palamon and Arcite, from his Fables, Ancient and Modern. Edited with notes and an introduction by Percival Ashley Chubb (1860–1959). Walter W. Skeat's translation (1904).[345]
  • January and May; or, The merchant's tale from Chaucer. In Poetical Miscellanies, The Sixth Part (1709) by Alexander Pope. Edited by John Dryden.
  • The carpenter of Oxford; or, The miller's tale from Chaucer (1709). Translated by English poet Samuel Cobb (1675–1713).[346]

Chaucer's Other Works. The other works of Geoffrey Chaucer include A treatise on the Astrolabe, Parlement of foules, The Book of the Duchess, The House of Fame, The Legend of Good Women, and Troilus and Criseyde. All are included in [Complete works]: The complete works of Geoffrey Chaucer (1937),[347] edited from numerous manuscripts by the Rev. Walter William Skeat (1835–1912).[320]

  • Geoffrey Chaucer's hymn to the Blessed Virgin; the A.B.C., called La Prière de Nostre Dame (1935).[348] Translated by Anselm Mary Townsend (born 1901).[349] [Complete works, pp. 79–80.]
  • A treatise on the astrolabe; addressed to his son Lowys by Geoffrey Chaucer, A.D. 1391 (1872).[350] Edited from the earliest mss. by Walter W. Skeat. [Complete works, pp. 396–418.]
  • The legend of good women (1889).[351] By Walter W. Skeat. [Complete works, pp. 349–395.]
  • Parlement of foules (1914).[352] Translation, with an introduction, notes and glossary, by Charles Maxwell Drennan (1870–1935).[353] [Complete works, pp. 101–110.]
  • The house of fame (2000).[354] Translated by Richard Scott Robinson. [Complete works, pp. 326–348.]
  • Book of the duchesse (1937). [Complete works, pp. 83–96.]
  • Orison of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Modernized by "B". In The Month,[355] LXXV (1892), pp. 11–16. Now attributed to English poet Thomas Hoccleve (1368–1426).[356][357]
  • Troilus and Criseyde (1932).[358] Translated by George Philip Krapp (1872–1934). [Complete works, pp. 306–325.]

Chaucer, Thomas. Thomas Chaucer (c. 1367 – 1434) was an English courtier and politician, and the son of Geoffrey Chaucer.[359]

  • Kirk's life records of Thomas Chaucer (1932). By Albert Croll Baugh (1891–1981).[360] In Publications of the Modern Language Association of America,[361] XLVII (1932), pp. 461–515. Abstracts of documents collected by Richard Edward Gent Kirk.[362]

Chess problems. The history of chess writing in medieval times in extremely limited, with prominent authors that include Italian Dominican friar Jacobus de Cessolis (c. 1250 – c. 1322)[209] and Spanish chess player Luis Ramírez de Lucena (c. 1465 – c. 1530). According to the 1911 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica:[363]

The first known writer on chess was Jacobus de Cessolis, whose main object..was to teach morals rather than chess. He was a Dominican friar, and his treatise...was written before the year 1200. [I]n the year 1474 Caxton, under the title of The Game and Playe of Chesse, printed an English translation. In 1490 we have the Göttinger Handschrift, a work containing nine different openings and fifty problems. The author of this manuscript is not known. Then comes Vicent, a Spanish writer, whose book bears date 1495. Only the title-page has been preserved, the rest of the work having been lost in the first Carlist war. Of Lucena, another Spanish author who wrote in or about 1497, [h]is treatise, Repeticion des Amores y Arte de Axedres, comprises various practical chess matters...

Works include Jacobus de Cessolis' The Game and Playe of the Chesse, published by William Caxton in 1474, and Luis Ramírez de Lucena's Repetición de Amores... (1497). The work Göttinger Handschrift has not been translated into English. (cf. German Wikipedia, Göttinger Handschrift)

Chester plays. The Chester Mystery Plays is a cycle of mystery plays dating back to at least the early part of the 15th century.[368]

  • A collection of English miracle-plays or mysteries (1838).[369] Containing ten dramas from the Chester, Coventry, and Towneley series, with an historical view of this description of plays. By William Marriott.[370]
  • The Chester plays (1843).[371] A collection of mysteries based upon scriptural subjects, and formerly represented by the trades of Chester at Whitsuntide. Edited by English antiquarian and writer Thomas Wright (1810–1877).[99][100] Shakespeare society, publications,17, 35.
  • The Chester plays (1893–1916).[372] Edited by Hermann Deimling[373] and Dr. Matthews. In Early English Text Society, Extra series, Volumes 62, 115.
  • The nativity and adoration cycle of the Chester mysteries (1917).[374] Edited by Frank M. Conroy[375] and Roy Mitchell.[376]
  • The rôle of the Virgin Mary in the Coventry, York, Chester and Towneley cycles (1933).[377] By Brother Cornelius Luke.

Chevalier au Cygne. The story of the Knight of the Swan (Chevalier au Cygne) is a medieval tale about the defense of a damsel by mysterious rescuer in a swan-drawn boat. The Crusader cycle of chanson de gestes reworked the story to have the hero a legendary ancestor of Godfrey of Bouillon.[378]

  • The history of Helyas, Knight of the Swan (1901).[379] Translated by Robert Copland (fl. 1508–1547),[380] from the French version published in Paris in 1504. [Copland was an English printer and author, and is said to have been a servant of William Caxton, and worked for Wynkyn de Worde.] A literal reprint in the types of Wynkin de Worde after the unique copy printed by him upon parchment in London.

China, Medieval notices of. Accounts of travels of Europeans to China in medieval times. (cf. Europeans in Medieval China)

  • Cathay and the Way Thither (1866).[381] Translated and edited by Scottish orientalist and geographer Sir Henry Yule (1820–1889).[382] With a preliminary essay on the intercourse between China and the West prior to the discovery of the Cape Route. Containing the travels of Odoric of Pordenone, ibn Battūta, Francesco Balducci Pegolotti, Giovanni de' Marignolli, and Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, together with letters and reports from missionary friars from Cathay and India from 1292 to 1338. Printed for the Hakluyt society, First series, Volumes 36, 37.
  • Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China (1913–1916).[383] New edition of Henry Yule's translation, revised by French orientalist Henri Cordier (1849–1925).[384] Printed for the Hakluyt society, Second series, Volumes 33, 37, 38, 41.
  • The book of Sir Marco Polo the Venetian: concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the East (1875).[385] Newly translated and edited with notes, maps, and other illustrations by Henry Yule.
  • Documents relating to the Mission of the Minor Friars to China in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. (1914). Latin text with a translation by British sinologist Arthur Christopher Moule (1873–1957).[386] In Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society,[387] (1914) Part 2, pp. 533–599.
  • The Minor Friars in China (1917). By Arthur C. Moule. Extracts from the chronicle of Giovanni de' Marignolli written c. 1354 and letters from the khan to pope Benedict XII, with the pope's replies. In Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society,[387] (1917), pp. 1–36.

Chivalry. Chivalry, derived from the French chevalier, was a code of conduct developed between 1170 and 1220.[388][389][390] It was associated with the institution of knighthood, and knights' and gentlemen's behaviours were governed by chivalrous social codes. Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832),[391][392] author of Ivanhoe, was the most prominent chronicler of the practice, as documented in his Chivalry, found in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 7th Edition (1842), Volume 6, pp. 592–617.[393]

  • The history of the valiant knight Arthur of Little Britain: A romance of chivalry (1814).[394] Originally translated from the French by John Berners Bourchier (1467–1533)[395] and updated by English literary antiquary Edward Vernon Utterson (1775–1856).[396]
  • The book of the Ordre of chyualry (1926).[397] Translated and printed by William Caxton from a French version of Ramón Lull's Le libre del orde de cauayleria, together with Adam Loutfut's Scottish transcript (Harleian ms. 6149),[398] edited by Alfred Thomas Plested Byles.[399] Published for Early English Text Society, Original series, 168
  • The book of chivalry of Geoffroi de Charny: text, context, and translation (1996).[400] By medievalists Richard W. Kaeuper and Elspeth Kennedy (1921–2006). A translation of Livre de chevalerie (c. 1350) by French knight and author Geoffroi de Charny (1300–1356),[401][402] the first recorded owner of the Shroud of Turin, lost after the sack of Constantinople in 1204.[403]
  • La Chevalerie (1884).[404] A comprehensive study of chivalry and its history by Émile Théodore Léon Gautier (1832–1897), a French literary historian.[405][406] Renown for its length and lavish drawings, it was llustrated by Luc-Olivier Merson (1846–1920), Édouard François Zier (1856–1924) and Michał Elwiro Andriolli (1836–1893).
  • The honour of chivalry (1703).[407] Or, The famous and delectable history of Don Bellianis of Greece. Containing the valiant exploits of that magnanimous and heroick prince, son unto the emperor Don Bella