Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky

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Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky Іван Семенович Нечуй-Левицький
Born	25 (13) November 1838 Stebliv, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire
Died	2 April 1918 Kiev, Ukrainian People's Republic
Pen name	Nechuy
Occupation	Writer
Period	1865–1914
Literary movement	Literary realism

Ivan Semenovych Nechuy-Levytsky (born Levytsky; 25 November [O.S. 13 November] 1838 – 2 April 1918) was a well-known Ukrainian writer.^[1]

Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky was born on 25 November [O.S. 13 November] 1838 to the family of a peasant priest in Stebliv (Cherkasy Oblast in central Ukraine). In 1847 he entered the Bohuslav religious school. Upon graduation from the Kiev Theological Academy in 1865, he taught Russian language, history, and geography in the Poltava Theological Seminary (1865–1866) and, later, in different gymnasiums in Kalisz, Siedlce (1867–1872), and Chișinău (1873–1874).^[2]

He started writing in 1865. His works appeared in Kievan and Galician publishing houses and periodicals such as Rada, Pravda, Dilo, and Zoria magazines. His bibliography [uk] includes social and popular history novels, dramas, comedies, and fairy tales. Among his most famous works are the novel Kaidash's Family (1878) and the comedy At Kozhumyaky (1875), which was later remade into the play Chasing Two Hares by Mykhailo Starytsky. In 1961 the play was adapted as a popular comedy movie of the same name.

Nechuy-Levytsky assisted Panteleimon Kulish in creating the first full translation of the Bible into Ukrainian (Kulish's Bible), which was published in 1903 in Vienna. In 1917 together with bishop Alexis Dorodnitsyn he started translating into Ukrainian the Orthodox prayer book, aided by Maria Hrinchenko. However, the mention of his contribution was excluded from the printed version. During his last years, the author was financially supported by journalist and academic Serhiy Yefremov.^[3]

Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky died of starvation and illness on 2 April, 1918 in one of almshouses of Kyiv during the First World War.^[2] He was buried at the central alley of Baikove Cemetery. The funeral was paid for by the government of the Ukrainian People's Republic, with the memorial service in Saint Sophia Cathedral being presided by archbishop Nicodemus (Krotkov). Nechuy-Levytsky's funeral train was accompanied by officers and Cossacks of the Ukrainian People's Army, including Sich Riflemen.^[3]

• 'Zhyttiepys' Ivana Levyts'koho (Nechuia), napysana nym samym,' S'vit, no. 7 (1888)
• Iefremov, Serhii. Nechui-Levyts'kyi (Kyiv 1924)
• Mezhenko, Iurii. 'Ivan Semenovych Nechui-Levyts'kyi,' Tvory, 1 (Kyiv 1926)
• Bilets'kyi, Oleksander. 'Ivan Semenovych Levyts'kyi (Nechui),' Tvory v chotyr'okh tomakh, 1 (Kyiv 1956)
• Pokhodzilo, M. Ivan Nechui-Levyts'kyi (Kyiv 1960)
• Krutikova, N. Tvorchist' I.S. Nechuia-Levyts'koho (Kyiv 1961)
• Ivanchenko, R. Ivan Nechui-Levyts'kyi: Narys zhyttia i tvorchosti (Kyiv 1980)
• Tarnawsky Maxim, The all-encompassing eye of Ukraine: Ivan Nechui-Levyts'kyi's realist prose, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 2015, 384 pp., ISBN 9781442650084 (in English)

• Kaidash's Family (1993–1996) — a 2-episode mini-series directed by Volodymyr Horodko for the Kozak Consortium.
• To Catch the Kaidash (2020) — a 12-episode television series based on Kaidash's Family novel, adapted by Natalka Vorozhbyt and produced by STB channel.

• Encyclopedia of Ukraine Vol. 3. 1993
• Krys Svitlana, 'Book review: the all-encompassing eye of Ukraine: Ivan Nechui-Levyts'kyi's realist prose, by Maxim Tarnawsky…' Canadian Slavonic Papers, 30 Jun 2016 (online publication date)

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