Conchifera

Conchifera; Temporal range: Fortunian - Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Subphylum:	Conchifera; Gegenbaur, 1878 [1]
Classes
	; Monoplacophora; Cephalopoda; Scaphopoda; Rostroconchia; Bivalvia; Gastropoda;

Conchifera is a subphylum of the phylum Mollusca, containing five extant classes: Monoplacophora, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Scaphopoda.^[1]^[2] Conchiferans can bear a single shell as in snails and ammonites, a single pair of shells as in clams, or lack a shell as in slugs and squid. The other subphylum is Aculifera, the members of which are shellless or have a row of several plates. Non-monoplacophoran conchiferans emerged within the once-widespread Monoplacophora. The only descendant which retains its ancestral shape is the Tryblidiida. ^{[clarification needed]}

The monophyly of Conchifera is supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis.^[1] The relationships among the members of Conchifera are disputed.^[1] A grouping of Scaphopoda and Bivalvia, named Diasoma, has been proposed,^[3]^[4] but other studies find scaphopods to be more closely related to cephalopods^[5] or gastropods.^[1]

Conchifera originated in the early Cambrian period.^[1]^[4]

Classes

Classes within the Conchifera include:

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367.
^ Chen, Zeyuan; Baeza, J. Antonio; Chen, Chong; Gonzalez, Maria Teresa; González, Vanessa Liz; et al. (2025-02-28). "A genome-based phylogeny for Mollusca is concordant with fossils and morphology". Science. 387 (6737): 1001–1007. doi:10.1126/science.ads0215. ISSN 0036-8075.
^ Runnegar, Bruce; Pojeta, John (1974-10-25). "Molluscan Phylogeny: The Paleontological Viewpoint: The early Paleozoic fossil record shows how living and extinct molluscan classes originated and diversified". Science. 186 (4161): 311–317. doi:10.1126/science.186.4161.311. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17839855.
^ ^a ^b Song, Hao; Wang, Yunan; Shao, Haojing; Li, Zhuoqing; Hu, Pinli; Yap-Chiongco, Meghan K.; Shi, Pu; Zhang, Tao; Li, Cui; Wang, Yiguan; Ma, Peizhen; Vinther, Jakob; Wang, Haiyan; Kocot, Kevin M. (2023-10-03). "Scaphopoda is the sister taxon to Bivalvia: Evidence of ancient incomplete lineage sorting". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 120 (40): –2302361120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2302361120. eISSN 1091-6490. hdl:1983/edbbfb14-28f5-47ae-9189-ed00112ad1db. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 37738291.
^ Steiner, Gerhard; Dreyer, Hermann (2003). "Molecular phylogeny of Scaphopoda (Mollusca) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences: support for a Scaphopoda–Cephalopoda clade". Zoologica Scripta. 32 (4): 343–356. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00121.x. eISSN 1463-6409. ISSN 0300-3256.

External links

BioLib info

[Kocot2020-1] Kocot, Kevin M.; Poustka, Albert J.; Stöger, Isabella; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Schrödl, Michael (2020). "New data from Monoplacophora and a carefully-curated dataset resolve molluscan relationships". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 101. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56728-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6952402. PMID 31919367.

[r630-2] Chen, Zeyuan; Baeza, J. Antonio; Chen, Chong; Gonzalez, Maria Teresa; González, Vanessa Liz; et al. (2025-02-28). "A genome-based phylogeny for Mollusca is concordant with fossils and morphology". Science. 387 (6737): 1001–1007. doi:10.1126/science.ads0215. ISSN 0036-8075.

[Runnegar1974-3] Runnegar, Bruce; Pojeta, John (1974-10-25). "Molluscan Phylogeny: The Paleontological Viewpoint: The early Paleozoic fossil record shows how living and extinct molluscan classes originated and diversified". Science. 186 (4161): 311–317. doi:10.1126/science.186.4161.311. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17839855.

[Song2023-4] Song, Hao; Wang, Yunan; Shao, Haojing; Li, Zhuoqing; Hu, Pinli; Yap-Chiongco, Meghan K.; Shi, Pu; Zhang, Tao; Li, Cui; Wang, Yiguan; Ma, Peizhen; Vinther, Jakob; Wang, Haiyan; Kocot, Kevin M. (2023-10-03). "Scaphopoda is the sister taxon to Bivalvia: Evidence of ancient incomplete lineage sorting". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 120 (40): –2302361120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2302361120. eISSN 1091-6490. hdl:1983/edbbfb14-28f5-47ae-9189-ed00112ad1db. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 37738291.

[Steiner2003-5] Steiner, Gerhard; Dreyer, Hermann (2003). "Molecular phylogeny of Scaphopoda (Mollusca) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences: support for a Scaphopoda–Cephalopoda clade". Zoologica Scripta. 32 (4): 343–356. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00121.x. eISSN 1463-6409. ISSN 0300-3256.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Conchifera

Classes

See also

References

External links

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