Bumblebee nest box

A bumblebee nest box (also called a "bumblebee house" or "bombus box") is a specially designed shelter intended for bumblebees (Bombus species) to establish nests. It is used to increase bumblebee populations in gardens, agricultural settings, and conservation areas, and for educational purposes.

Background

Bumblebees often nest underground in abandoned rodent burrows or among dense grasses. However, suitable nest sites can become scarce due to habitat loss and human disturbance. A bumblebee nest box can provide a nest opportunity.^[1]

Design and placement

A typical bumblebee nest box is made from untreated wood or durable plastic and includes:

An internal chamber with nesting material (e.g., dried moss, wood shavings, or kapok)
A small entrance hole or tube
Ventilation holes to reduce moisture buildup
A roof or overhang to protect against rain

Boxes are often placed at or just above ground level in partial shade, near flowering plants to provide easy access to forage. Proper placement and monitoring can improve the chances of occupancy.^[2]

Effectiveness

Studies show variable success rates, ranging from below 10% to 30%. Success depends on factors such as box design, correct placement, and local bumblebee species.^[3]

Conservation context

In recent decades, bumblebee populations have been declining due to habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change.^[4] Conservation organizations recommend:

Planting native wildflowers and maintaining diverse forage
Minimizing pesticide usage
Preserving undisturbed spaces for overwintering queens

References

^ Goulson, D. (2010). Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology, and Conservation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199553068.
^ Bumblebee Conservation Trust
^ Ratti, C. M., et al. (2008). Bumblebee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foraging behavior and pollination of greenhouse tomatoes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 101(3), 647–654.
^ "The UK's bumblebees are in crisis". Bumblebee Conservation Trust. Retrieved 2025-05-08.