The AEC Swift was a rear-enginedstep entrancesingle-decker bus chassis manufactured by AEC between 1964 and 1980.[1] The chassis design was closely related to the Leyland Panther. It was available in 33-foot (10 m) and 36-foot (11 m) lengths, with an AEC AH505 or AH691 engine.[2]
The design was suitable for driver-only operation which helped bus operators to relieve the problems of labour shortages and high costs, and became one of the alternatives to the Britishdouble-decker buses which could only be operated by a driver and conductor, such as the LondonAEC Routemaster or Bristol Lodekka, as British legislation prevented driver-only operation of double-decker buses until the late 1960s.
The fleet was made up of a number of variations. The longer 36' versions were referred to as Merlins, and divided into MB (single or dual door), MBS (dual door), and MBA (dual door with turnstile payment for use on Red Arrow services) classes.
The shorter 33' versions were known as Swifts. There were three variants of this model upon delivery. In the London central area SM (single door saloon) and SMS (dual door with automatic fare collection) classes were painted red. London Country operated green SM-class dual door, fully seated saloons that had been ordered by London Transport. Subsequently, London Transport converted a number of SMS vehicles to conventional one-man operated saloons by adding more seats and locking the centre exit so it could not be used. These were renamed the SMD class, but retained their original fleet number.
Neither London Transport nor London Country considered either design to be a success and the first examples were withdrawn and sold, many for scrap, in 1972, after just four years service.[3] Most had been replaced by 1981, mainly with Leyland Nationals and MCW Metrobuses.[4]
Some were taken by the Malta Department of Education and remained in their London form apart from a new coat of paint.
Great Yarmouth Transport bought eight Swifts new in 1973; the last of 22 purchased new and three second hand; they continued in service until the late 1990s, and were the last Swifts to run in service with their original operator.[10] Other customers included Blackpool Transport with 55 examples and St Helens Corporation.[11][12] Three Swifts delivered to Morecambe Corporation in 1970 carried rare Northern Counties bodywork.[13]
Following withdrawal from service with their initial operators, many Swifts were sold on for further use. Staffordshire-based independent Knotty Bus ran a fleet of four Swifts between 1988 and 1995.[11] A small number of former London Transport Swifts ran for a time with Hants & Sussex (now Emsworth & District) on services in south east Hampshire.[14]
British Airways once owned an AEC Swift, with a special body that had an open platform at the front, which was designed for airside duties. Citybus, Belfast purchased 177 Swifts and Merlins between 1977 and 1980 to replace buses destroyed during the Troubles, although most were withdrawn after 1981.[15]
Exports
AEC Swifts were also sold for the export market, and many were sold abroad after withdrawal. Sixty-five Swifts with bodywork by local builder Bus Bodies were sold to South African operator Durban Transport in 1974.[16]
Approximately 50 former London Transport Merlins were exported for further use in Australia.[23] Several former London Transport vehicles were sold to Malta bus where, after refurbishment and repowering, they remained in service until 2011.[24] In early 1981, ten Swifts recently withdrawn by London Transport were exported to Italy to act as emergency control centres and shelters in the aftermath of the 1980 Irpinia earthquake.[25]
^Townsin, Alan (1989). British Bus Tram & Trolleybus Systems No. 11 South Wales Transport. Glossop: Trans Ltd.port Publishing Company. p. 66. ISBN0-86317-149-4.
^Brown, Stewart J. Buses in Britain 2: The Mid Nineties. p. 142. ISBN1-85414-181-3.