3C 213.1

3C 213.1
3C 213.1
	SDSS image of 3C 213.1
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
Constellation	Cancer
Right ascension	09h 01m 05.25s
Declination	+29° 01′ 47.11″
Redshift	0.194045
Heliocentric radial velocity	58,173 km/s
Distance	2.450 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)	18.08
Apparent magnitude (B)	18.84
Characteristics
Type	Radio galaxy LEG, CSS
Size	~158,000 ly (48.4 kpc) (estimated)
Other designations
	4C +29.33, LEDA 139159, 2MASS J09010523+2901476, SDSS J090105.26+290146.9, OJ +297, CTD 059, DA 259, NRAO 0312, TXS 0858+292, CoNFIG 039, NVSS J090105+290145

3C 213.1 is an active Seyfert type 2 galaxy located in the constellation of Cancer. The redshift of the object is (z) 0.194^[1] and it was first discovered in the Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources survey in 1962.^[2] Astronomers would also identify it in December 1966 during the Fourth Cambridge Survey, where they designated it as 4C 29.33.^[3] The galaxy contains a compact steep spectrum (CSS) source.^[4]

Description

3C 213.1 is classified as a Fanaroff-Riley Class Type II radio galaxy.^[5] The host is classified as an elliptical with evidence of either sharp edges or shell structures.^[6] Imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) shows an extension located in a southeast direction from the galaxy.^[7] The galaxy also shows the presence of a bulge component with an absolute magnitude of -25.01.^[5]

A study published in 2008 found no evidence of very young stellar populations, but shows a reddened intermediate stellar population, mostly made up of stars aged 1.3 billion years. It is also plausible 3C 213.1 might have gone through a galaxy merger in the past, based on the presence of a disturbed outer envelope caused by tidal interactions.^[8]

The source of 3C 213.1 is compact. When observed at 102 MHz frequencies, it is found to have two large regions of diffused emission. with the source's total extent being 30 arcseconds. In the northern component, there are three compact features, with the southern one being the most polarized and the strongest.^[9] Observations with MERLIN show a bright central component which holds around 41% of the flux density.^[10] Hotspots located in the southern and northern directions are clearly detected in the source with radio emission present over a large area southeast.^[11] The supermassive black hole mass of 3C 213.1 has been found to be in a range of 9.1 x 10⁶ M_ʘ.^[12] Detections of H I absorption have been reported in the galaxy.^[13]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "NED Search results for 3C 213.1". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-09-16.
^ Bennett, A. S. (1962). "The revised 3C catalogue of radio sources". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 68: 163. Bibcode:1962MmRAS..68..163B.
^ J., Long, R.; A., Smith, M.; P., Stewart; Williams, P. J. S. (1966-12-01). "The Radio Spectra of Sources in the Fourth Cambridge Catalogue". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 134 (4). doi:10.1093/mnra (inactive 16 September 2025). ISSN 0035-8711. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-06-04.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2025 (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ de Vries, W. H.; O'Dea, C. P.; Perlman, E.; Baum, S. A.; Lehnert, M. D.; Stocke, J.; Rector, T.; Elston, R. (August 1998). "Near-Infrared Imaging of Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum, Compact Steep Spectrum, and Large-Scale FR II Radio Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 503 (1): 138–155. Bibcode:1998ApJ...503..138D. doi:10.1086/305962. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ ^a ^b Donzelli, Carlos J.; Chiaberge, Marco; Macchetto, F. Duccio; Madrid, Juan P.; Capetti, Alessandro; Marchesini, Danilo (October 2007). "Bulges and Disklike Components in the Host Galaxies of Low-Redshift 3CR Sources: A Near-Infrared View of Their Radial Brightness Profiles". The Astrophysical Journal. 667 (2): 780–812. arXiv:astro-ph/0612546. Bibcode:2007ApJ...667..780D. doi:10.1086/520758. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ Sparks, W. B.; de Koff, S.; Baum, S.; Capetti, A.; Biretta, J.; Golombek, D.; Macchetto, F.; McCarthy, P.; Miley, G. (1996). "Optical Jets in Radio Galaxies". Science with the Hubble Space Telescope - II: 186. Bibcode:1996swhs.conf..186S.
^ de Vries, W. H.; O'Dea, C. P.; Baum, S. A.; Sparks, W. B.; Biretta, J.; de Koff, S.; Golombek, D.; Lehnert, M. D.; Macchetto, F.; McCarthy, P.; Miley, G. K. (June 1997). "Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Compact Steep Spectrum Radio Sources". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 110 (2): 191–211. Bibcode:1997ApJS..110..191D. doi:10.1086/313001. ISSN 0067-0049.
^ Wills, K. A.; Tadhunter, C.; Holt, J.; González Delgado, R.; Inskip, K. J.; Rodríguez Zaurín, J.; Morganti, R. (2008-02-07). "Diverse young stellar populations in the intermediate-redshift radio galaxies 3C 213.1 and 3C 459: implications for the evolution of the host galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 385 (1): 136–146. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.385..136W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12865.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
^ Tyul'Bashev, S. A.; Chernikov, P. A. (May 2000). "Physical Conditions in Steep-Spectrum Radio Sources". Astronomy Reports. 44 (5): 286–297. Bibcode:2000ARep...44..286T. doi:10.1134/1.163852. ISSN 1063-7729.
^ Akujor, C. E.; Spencer, R. E.; Zhang, F. J.; Davis, R. J.; Browne, I. W. A.; Fanti, C. (May 1991). "MERLIN observations of steep-spectrum radio sources at 6 cm". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 250: 215–224. doi:10.1093/mnras/250.1.215. ISSN 0035-8711.
^ Madrid, Juan P.; Chiaberge, Marco; Floyd, David; Sparks, William B.; Macchetto, Duccio; Miley, George K.; Axon, David; Capetti, Alessandro; O'Dea, Christopher P.; Baum, Stefi; Perlman, Eric; Quillen, Alice (June 2006). "Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts at Low Redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 164 (2): 307–333. arXiv:astro-ph/0603239. Bibcode:2006ApJS..164..307M. doi:10.1086/504480. ISSN 0067-0049.
^ Wu, Qingwen (2009-10-01). "The black hole mass, Eddington ratio andM_BH-σ_{[O iii]}relation in young radio galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 398 (4): 1905–1914. arXiv:0905.3663. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15127.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
^ Vermeulen, R. C.; Pihlström, Y. M.; Tschager, W.; Vries, W. H. de; Conway, J. E.; Barthel, P. D.; Baum, S. A.; Braun, R.; Bremer, M. N.; Miley, G. K.; O'Dea, C. P.; Röttgering, H. J. A.; Schilizzi, R. T.; Snellen, I. a. G.; Taylor, G. B. (2003-06-01). "Observations of H I absorbing gas in compact radio sources at cosmological redshifts" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 404 (3): 861–870. arXiv:astro-ph/0304291. Bibcode:2003A&A...404..861V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030468. ISSN 0004-6361.